地面扰动条件下人体足趾的足底剪切力研究  

A biomechanical study of the plantar shear forces of the hallux and lesser toes under ground perturbation conditions

作　　者：许阳阳 钱乐文 朱云超 王旭 陈文明 马昕[3] Xu Yangyang;Qian Lewen;Zhu Yunchao;Wang Xu;Chen Wenming;Ma Xin(Academy for Engineering and Technology,Fudan University,Shanghai 200438,China;Department of Orthopaedics,Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University,Shanghai 200040,China;The Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生物医学工程技术研究所,上海200438 [2]复旦大学附属华山医院骨科,上海200040 [3]上海交通大学附属第六人民医院,上海200233

出　　处：《中华创伤骨科杂志》2024年第4期324-329,共6页Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12372322)。

摘　　要：目的探讨第1足趾和第2~5足趾在地面意外扰动条件下的足底剪切力。方法通过六自由度扰动平台在8个方向(0°、45°、90°、135°、180°、225°、270°、315°)上提供随机扰动,扰动距离为20 mm,扰动速度为200 mm/s,扰动持续时间为0.15 s。招募14名健康年轻人,测量其足底剪切力。根据足底解剖结构以及文献调研分别划分第1足趾和第2~5足趾区域。测量足底分布剪切力,并计算第1足趾和第2~5足趾在静态、扰动时(0~0.15 s)和扰动后(0.15~0.30 s)的剪切力增量比例以及剪切力占全足的峰值权重。结果相比于静态站立,在地面意外扰动条件下,第1足趾和第2~5足趾剪切力显著增大,尤其是0°和180°扰动时的前后方向剪切力,以及90°和270°扰动时内外侧方向的剪切力。第1足趾和第2~5足趾在135°、180°、225°扰动时,其前后方向和内外侧方向的剪切力增量比例大于其他角度。相比于静态站立,第1足趾和第2~5足趾在135°和225°扰动时及在135°、180°扰动后的前后方向剪切力峰值权重显著增大。结论第1足趾和第2~5足趾在地面意外扰动时维持平衡的主动参与功能增大,第1足趾和第2~5足趾的足底剪切力具备方向特异性。ObjectiveTo investigate the plantar shear forces of the hallux and the 2nd to 5th toes under unexpected ground perturbation conditions.MethodsRandom perturbations were provided at 8 directions(0°,45°,90°,135°,180°,225°,270°and 315°)using a 6-degree-of-freedom perturbation platform,with a perturbation distance of 20 mm,a speed of 200 mm/s,and a perturbation duration of 0.15 s.Fourteen healthy young subjects were recruited to measure their plantar shear forces.After the regions of the hallux and the 2nd to 5th toes were divided respectively according to the plantar anatomical structure and the literature review,the plantar shear forces were measured.The shear force increment ratios and the peak weights of shear forces to the full foot of the hallux and the 2nd to 5th toes in static sanding,during perturbation(0 to 0.15 s)and after perturbation(0.15 to 0.30 s)were calculated.ResultsCompared with static standing,the shear forces of the hallux and the 2nd to 5th toes increased significantly under the condition of ground perturbations,especially the shear forces at the anteroposterior directions during perturbations at 0°and 180°,as well as the shear forces at the medial-lateral directions during perturbations at 90°and 270°.Under perturbations at 135°,180°,and 225°,the shear force increment ratios of the hallux and the 2nd to 5th toes at the anteroposterior directions,as well as at the medial-lateral directions were greater than those at other angles.Compared with static standing,the peak weights of shear forces of the hallux and the 2nd to 5th toes in the anteroposterior directions significantly increased during perturbations at 135°and 225°,as well as after perturbations at 135°and 180°.ConclusionsThe hallux and the 2nd to 5th toes play an active role in maintaining balance when faced with unexpected ground perturbations.In addition,the plantar shear forces of the hallux and the 2nd to 5th toes are direction-specific.

关 键 词：[足母]趾 趾 生物力学 剪切力 方向特异性 

分 类 号：R68[医药卫生—骨科学]