发热儿童的高热惊厥发生现状及其高危因素分析  

Analysis of Current Status and High Risk Factors of Febrile Convulsion in Febrile Children

作　　者：董芳芳 张天晓[1] 刘燕青 DONG Fangfang;ZHANG Tianxiao;LIU Yanqing(Department of Fever Clinic,Dongguan Chang'an Hospital,Dongguan,Guangdong Province,523850 China)

机构地区：[1]广东省东莞市长安医院发热门诊,广东东莞523850

出　　处：《中外医疗》2024年第11期13-16,共4页China & Foreign Medical Treatment

摘　　要：目的探讨发热儿童的高热惊厥发生现状及其高危因素。方法方便选取2021年1月—2023年2月就诊于广东省东莞市长安医院发热门诊的2995例发热患儿为研究对象,经查阅患儿电子病历档案或询问患儿家长收集资料,调查发热儿童的高热惊厥发生现状,并分析其发生的相关危险因素。结果2995例发热患儿中,发生高热惊厥120例(4.01%),未发生高热惊厥2875例(95.99%)。单因素分析显示,高热惊厥组年龄<3岁、性别男、初发温度≥39.1℃、7~9月发病比例较非高热惊厥组高,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。两组癫痫家族史、高热惊厥家族史、原发性感染性疾病、出生方式、围产期缺氧史和平均红细胞血红蛋白、平均红细胞体积、血红蛋白对比,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05);经Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(OR=20.080,95%CI:12.524~32.192)、性别(OR=1.796,95%CI:1.195~2.700)、初发温度(OR=6.976,95%CI:4.793~10.153)、发病季节(OR=2.046,95%CI:1.250~3.349)是发热儿童高热惊厥发生的高危因素,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论发热儿童高热惊厥发生率较高,其发生与患儿年龄、性别、发病季节和初发温度密切相关,应结合上述危险因素制定预防措施,以降低高热惊厥发生率。Objective To investigate the occurrence of febrile convulsion and its high risk factors in febrile children.Methods A total of 2995 children with fever who were admitted to the fever clinic department of Dongguan Chang'an Hospital at Guangdong Province from January 2021 to February 2023 were conveniently selected as the research objects.The electronic medical records of the children were reviewed or the parents of the children were asked to collect data.The incidence of febrile convulsion in children with fever was investigated,and the related risk factors were analyzed.Results Among the 2995 children with fever,120(4.01%)had febrile convulsion and 2875(95.99%)had no febrile convulsion.Univariate analysis showed that the proportion of age<3 years old,male gender,initial temperature≥39.1℃,and incidence of July to September in the febrile convulsion group was higher than that in the nonfebrile convulsion group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).There was no significant difference in family history of epilepsy,family history of febrile convulsion,primary infectious disease,birth mode,perinatal hypoxia history,mean corpuscular hemoglobin,mean corpuscular volume and hemoglobin between the two groups(all P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=20.080,95%CI:12.524-32.192),gender(OR=1.796,95%CI:1.195-2.700),initial temperature(OR=6.976,95%CI:4.793-10.153)and onset season(OR=2.046,95%CI:1.250-3.349)were high risk factors for febrile convulsion in children with fever,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of febrile convulsion is high in febrile children,and its occurrence is closely related to the age,sex,season of onset and initial temperature of the children.Preventive measures should be formulated according to the above risk factors to reduce the incidence of febrile convulsion.

关 键 词：高热惊厥 发热 影响因素 发病季节 预后 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]