论农村集体经济组织担保的程序控制与法律效果——以《中华人民共和国农村集体经济组织法(草案)》的完善为中心  

On the Procedural Control and Legal Effects of Guarantees of Rural Collective Economic Organizations:Concurrent Discussion on the Improvement of the Law on Rural Collective Economic Organizations(Draft)

作　　者：高圣平[1,2] Gao Shengping

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学民商事法律科学研究中心 [2]中国人民大学法学院,北京100083

出　　处：《学海》2024年第3期59-70,214,共13页Academia Bimestris

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“农村集体所有制法律实现机制研究”(项目号:22&ZD202)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：农村集体经济组织既属于经济组织,开展经营活动、取得营业利润即为题中应有之义。经营活动的展开离不开资金的支持,担保信贷也就不可避免,如此即不宜否定农村集体经济组织的担保能力。不过,担保有危及集体财产安全和成员利益之风险,为防止法定代表人及其他经营管理人员随意以集体财产提供担保,法律上应对农村集体经济组织的担保行为进行严格的程序控制。农村集体经济组织担保应经成员大会审议决定,章程可以规定由成员代表大会或者理事会决定。担保决策机构的决议应以绝大多数决通过。未经担保决策机构决议的,担保合同对农村集体经济组织不发生效力,农村集体经济组织既不承担担保责任,也不承担赔偿责任,相对人所受损失由相对人与行为人按照各自的过错予以分担。Rural collective economic organizations belong to economic organizations,and it is the right thing to carry out business activities and make business profits.Business activities cannot be carried out without the support of funds,guaranteed credit is unavoidable,that is,it is not appropriate to deny the rural collective economic organization's ability to guarantee.However,the guarantee has the risk of endangering the security of collective property and the interests of the members,in order to prevent the legal representative and other management personnel to provide security for collective property,the law should be a rural collective economic organization of the guarantee behavior to carry out strict procedural control.Guarantees of rural collective economic organizations shall be considered and decided upon by the general meeting of members,and the statutes may stipulate that they shall be decided upon by the general meeting of members' representatives or by the council.Resolutions of the decision-making body on guarantees shall be adopted by an overwhelming majority.Without the resolution of the guarantee decision-making body,the guarantee contract is not effective for the rural collective economic organization,the rural collective economic organization neither assumes the responsibility for the guarantee nor the liability,and the losses suffered by the relative shall be shared by the relative and the perpetrator according to their respective faults.

关 键 词：农村集体经济组织 担保能力 担保决策机构 越权代表 狭义无权代理 

分 类 号：D922.4[政治法律—法学]