基于藏医药古籍文献对藏药红铜的考证研究  

Research on the Textual Research of Zang Medicine Red Copper Based on Tibetan Medical Ancient Books

作　　者：才曾卓玛 何长廷 娘本先 尼玛才让 CAI Zengzhuoma;HE Changting;NIANG Benxian;NI Macairang(Qinghai Institute of Tibetan Medicine,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省藏医药研究院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《中国民族民间医药》2024年第10期73-80,共8页Chinese Journal of Ethnomedicine and Ethnopharmacy

基　　金：2022年中藏医药科研创新项目(J2022012);2023年度青海省“昆仑英才·高端创新创业人才”拔尖项目。

摘　　要：目的:全面阐明矿物藏药红铜的基原、炮制方法和组方配伍。方法:对公元8世纪至20世纪的24部藏医药古籍文献中有关矿物药红铜的基原,炮制,组方和功效进行归纳总结,考证分析。结果:矿物藏药红铜的藏文名为“■”,音译为“桑”和“桑玛”,其主要入药方式为红铜灰,藏文名称为“■”,音译名为“桑太”。红铜味甘,性凉,具有干脓血、消浮肿、清肺热、治肺脓肿、疮疡、中毒症的作用;其品类主要以品质、颜色、产地、性质分类,常见按品质分为上品“雌铜”和次品“雄铜”;炮制方法有煅烧法、热制法、急制法、混合制法等,其中煅烧法应用最广泛。在方剂中红铜以红铜灰粉末入药,含红铜灰的组方主要遵循药效相近和随证加减药物的配伍规律,主要功能主治为清热、解毒、消炎、利肺,适用于陈旧性肺病、腹腔积液、四肢肿痛、脏腑积液、皮肤病等病症。结论:矿物藏药红铜在藏医药应用历史中已具有明确的基原记载、系统的炮制方法、全面的组方配伍,为红铜灰入药应用和进一步的深入研究奠定了理论依据。Objective Comprehensively elucidate the origin,processing methods,and compatibility of mineral Zang medicine red copper.Methods Summarize and conduct textual research and analysis on the origin,processing,formulation,and efficacy of mineral medicine red copper in 24 ancient Zang medical texts from the 8th to 20th centuries.Results The Zang name of mineral Zang medicine red copper is“■”,transliterated as“Sang”and“Sangma”.Its main medicinal method is red copper ash,and the Zang name is“”,transliterated as“Sangtai”.Red copper has a sweet taste and a cool nature.It has the effects of dry pus and blood,reducing edema,clearing lung heat,treating lung abscesses,sores,and poisoning.Its category is mainly classified by quality,color,place of origin,and nature.It is commonly divided into high-quality“female copper”and inferior“male copper”according to quality;The processing methods include calcination,heating,quenching,and mixing,among which calcination is the most widely used.In the formula,red copper is used as a powder of red copper ash,and the formula containing red copper ash mainly follows the compatibility law of drugs with similar efficacy and syndrome based addition and reduction.Its main functions include clearing heat,detoxifying,anti-inflammatory,and promoting lung function.It is suitable for old lung diseases,abdominal fluid accumulation,limb swelling and pain,visceral fluid accumulation,skin diseases,and other diseases.Conclusion The mineral Zang medicine red copper has a clear record of its origin,systematic processing methods,and comprehensive formulation and compatibility in the history of Zang medicine application,laying a theoretical basis for the application of red copper ash in medicine and further in-depth research.

关 键 词：藏医药 古籍文献 红铜 矿物药 炮制 

分 类 号：R29[医药卫生—民族医学]