外源氮输入对黄河三角洲盐地碱蓬CHCl_(3)和CHBr_(3)通量特征的影响  

Effects of exogenous nitrogen input on CHCl_(3) and CHBr_(3) flux characteristics of Suaeda glauca in the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：许佳宁 李玲玉 谢文霞 张嘉乐 丁文超 XU Jianing;LI Lingyu;XIE Wenxia;ZHANG Jiale;DING Wenchao(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学环境科学与工程学院,青岛266071

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第10期4388-4399,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2020MD073);崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202203206);国家重点研发项目子课题(2022YFC3104202);福建省海洋物理与地质过程重点实验室开放基金(KLMPG-23-06)。

摘　　要：氯仿(CHCl_(3))和溴仿(CHBr_(3))是两种重要的挥发性卤代烃(Volatile halohydrocarbon,VHCs),可通过光化学作用,引起臭氧层破坏和温室效应,影响全球气候变化。以黄河三角洲湿地的优势物种—盐地碱蓬(Suaeda glauca)为研究对象,采用室内盆栽培养来探究不同浓度氮输入水平(CK,对照,6.0 g N m^(-2) a^(-1);1.5N0,低氮处理,9.0 g N m^(-2) a^(-1);3.0N0,高氮处理,18.0 g N m^(-2) a^(-1))对盐地碱蓬以及盆栽微生态系统CHCl_(3)、CHBr_(3)通量特征的影响。结果表明,不同氮梯度下盐地碱蓬CHCl_(3)和CHBr_(3)排放通量均呈现出先降后升的趋势,低浓度1.5N0下可以促进盐地碱蓬CHCl_(3)的释放,高浓度3.0N0则抑制;盐地碱蓬CHCl_(3)、CHBr_(3)气体通量的峰值分别出现在枯萎期与苗期,其主要原因是不同氮梯度刺激了气体消耗与产生之间的平衡以及植物各生长期生长因子的改变。由相关性分析可知,盐地碱蓬CHCl_(3)排放通量受多种因子相互作用,植物根长与CHBr_(3)排放之间存在显著相关性,根部越长,CHBr_(3)的排放通量越低。不同氮梯度下盆栽微生态系统内CHCl_(3)、CHBr_(3)排放通量的变化趋势不同,CHCl_(3)通量为先升后降,CHBr_(3)为先降后升,气体通量的最高值与最低值出现在植物不同生长时期,盆栽微生态系统气体排放通量主要受土壤NH^(+)_(4)-N、NO^(-)_(3)-N、以及植物凋落物等交互作用的影响。Chloroform(CHCl_3) and bromoform(CHBr_3),two important volatile halogenated hydrocarbons(VHCs),are trace greenhouse gases and ozone-destroying substances that play an important role in global climate change.In this paper,Suaeda glauca,a dominant species in the Yellow River Delta,was subjected to pot experiments to investigate the effects of different nitrogen additions(CK,control,6.0 g N m~(-2) a~(-1);1.5N0,low nitrogen treatment,9.0 g N m~(-2) a~(-1);3.0N0,high nitrogen treatment,18.0 g N m~(-2) a~(-1)) on its and its microecological CHCl_(3) and CHBr_(3) flux characteristics.The results showed that CHCl_(3) and CHBr_(3) fluxes decreased first and then increased at different nitrogen gradients.CHCl_(3) release was promoted at low concentration of 1.5N0,but inhibited at high concentration of 3.0N0.The peaks of gas fluxes of CHCl_(3) and CHBr_(3) in Suaeda glauca appeared during its withering and seedling stages,respectively.The main reason was that nitrogen addition stimulated the balance between gas consumption and production,as well as changed in growth factors during different growth stages of plants.According to the correlation analysis,the CHCl_(3) flux of Suaeda glauca was affected by the interaction of many factors.There was a significant correlation between the root length of the plant and the CHBr_3.The longer the root,the lower the CHBr_3.There were different change trends of CHCl_(3) and CHBr_(3) in the potted micro-ecosystem under different nitrogen gradients.CHCl_(3) increased first and then decreased,while CHBr_(3) decreased first and then increased.The highest and lowest values of gas fluxes appeared in different growing plants period.The gas flux of the potted micro-ecosystem was mainly affected by the interaction of soil NH~+_4-N,NO~-_3-N and plant litter.

关 键 词：外源氮输入 挥发性卤代烃 盐地碱蓬 盆栽微生态系统 通量特征 

分 类 号：S68[农业科学—观赏园艺]