12个燕麦品种在黄土高原沟壑区生产性能及适应性  

Production performance and adaptability of 12 oat varieties in the gully region of Loess Plateau

作　　者：景芳[1,2] 刘彦明 南铭 边芳 任生兰 陈富 张成君 JING Fang;LIU Yanming;NAN Ming;BIAN Fang;REN Shenglan;CHEN Fu;ZHANG Chengjun(College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Research Science,Dingxi 743000,Gansu,China;Crop Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省定西市农业科学研究院,甘肃定西743000 [3]甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草业科学》2024年第5期1175-1188,共14页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：通渭县燕麦产业绿色高效关键技术集成与示范项目(2022YFD1100502);甘肃重要乡土草及牧草种质创新与品种选育项目(23ZDKA013)。

摘　　要：为筛选适宜黄土高原沟壑区种植的高产、抗倒伏、抗病性强的燕麦(Avena sativa)品种,以国内外引进的12个燕麦品种为试验材料,分析其产量相关性状、倒伏率和病害发生率,并利用灰色关联度分析和聚类分析法进行综合评价。结果表明:12个燕麦品种干草产量为10800.00~15233.33 kg·hm^(−2),平均干草产量13298.61 kg·hm^(−2);种子产量为3095.24~7857.14 kg·hm^(−2),平均值5407.14 kg·hm^(−2);其中,‘坝燕6号’的倒伏率较低,红叶病和锈病发病率最低,为抗倒伏兼抗病品种。灰色关联度分析结果表明:株高、干草产量、叶茎比在灰色关联评价系统中所占权重最高,是品种选择时的重要指标。采用聚类分析方法将12个燕麦品种划分为3个类群,第Ⅰ类群可作为饲草品种,第Ⅱ类群可作为籽粒型品种,第Ⅲ类群倒伏率及病情指数低,抗逆性好。综合灰色关联度和聚类分析方法,筛选出适宜黄土高原沟壑区种植的产量高、适应性好的饲草型燕麦品种‘加燕2号’,籽粒型燕麦品种‘坝燕6号’和‘美达’。To screen Avena sativa varieties for high yield,lodging resistance,and strong disease resistance suitable for planting in the gully region of the Loess Plateau,12 oat varieties introduced at home and abroad were used as experimental materials to study their yield related traits,lodging rate,and disease incidence.Grey correlation analysis and cluster analysis were used for comprehensive evaluation.The results showed that the hay yield of 12 oat varieties ranged from 10800.00 to 15233.33 kg·ha^(−1),with an average of 13298.61 kg·ha^(−1).The seed yield ranged from 3095.24 to 7857.14 kg·ha^(−1),with an average of 5407.14 kg·ha^(−1).The lodging rate of‘Bayan No.6’was low,and the incidences of red leaf and rust diseases were the lowest.The results of grey relational degree analysis showed that plant height,hay yield,and leaf-stem ratio had the highest weight in the grey relational evaluation system,and were important indicators for variety selection.Twelve oat varieties were divided into three groups by cluster analysis.GroupⅠvarieties could be used as forage varieties,and groupⅡvarieties as grain varieties.GroupⅢvarieties had low lodging rate and disease index,but had good stress resistance.Based on the method of grey relational analysis and cluster analysis,the forage variety‘Jiayan No.2’,grain variety‘Bayan No.6’,and the variety‘Meida’,which are suitable for planting in the gully region of the Loess Plateau,were selected and are characterized by high yield and good adaptability.

关 键 词：饲草产量 种子产量 农艺性状 倒伏 病害 灰色关联度评价 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]