基于光伏充电的低压混合式断路器设计及仿真  

Design and Simulation of Low Voltage Hybrid Circuit Breaker Based on Photovoltaic Charging

作　　者：孔令哲 何柏娜[1] 李辉 刘雨佳 边晨曦 娄辉 戴雪婷 刘洋[1] KONG Lingzhe;HE Baina;LI Hui;LIU Yujia;BIAN Chenxi;LOU Hui;DAI Xueting;LIU Yang(College of Electric and Electronic Engineering,Shandong University of Technology,Zibo,Shandong 255000,China;China Electric Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东理工大学电气与电子工程学院,山东淄博255000 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,武汉430000

出　　处：《南方电网技术》2024年第4期10-18,40,共10页Southern Power System Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB2401104);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2021ME057);山东省研究生教育质量提升计划项目(SDYAL2022114)。

摘　　要：直流断路器是实现直流系统电流故障清除和隔离的关键设备。基于人工过零点的直流断路器熄弧时刻具有不确定性,且换流电容需要更换辅助电源,降低断路器可靠性,增加维护成本。为此,在传统直流断路器基础上,提出了一种基于光伏充电的混合式直流断路器拓扑结构设计方案。该方案在断路器过零点未熄弧时闭锁IGBT开关,加速电弧熄灭,并设计光伏储能供电系统为换流电容预充电能,以保障断路器持续运行。同时对所提断路器的拓扑结构、开断时序、拓扑参数进行了设计,基于MATLAB/Simulink实验平台建立了150 V混合式直流断路器模型,讨论IGBT开关器件闭锁时刻及电阻电容二极管(resistance-capacitance diode,RCD)缓冲电路对断路器开断的影响。在此基础上,通过仿真实验分析了正常和短路工况下断路器开断过程,验证了所提方案的可行性。The DC circuit breaker is the key equipment of the DC system,which can realize the current fault clearing and isolation.The arc extinguishing time of the DC circuit breaker based on the artificial zero-crossing point is uncertain,and the commutation capacitor needs to be replaced with the auxiliary power supply,which reduces the reliability of the circuit breaker and increases the maintenance cost.Hence,a new topology design scheme of the hybrid DC circuit breaker is designed based on photovoltaic charging.In this scheme,the IGBT switch is locked when the DC circuit breaker crosses zero-crossing point and the arc is not extinguished,which accelerates the arc extinguishing,and the photovoltaic energy storage power supply system is designed to precharge the commutation capacitor to ensure the continuous operation of the circuit breaker.At the same time,the topology,breaking sequence and topology parameters of the proposed DC circuit breaker are designed,based on the MATLAB/Simulink experimental platform,the 150 V hybrid DC circuit breaker model is built.The blocking time of IGBT switching devices and the influence of resistance-capacitance diode(RCD) snubber circuit on the breaking of circuit breakers are discussed.On this basis,the breaking processes of the circuit breaker under the normal and short-circuit conditions are analyzed by simulation experiments,the validity of the proposed scheme is verified.

关 键 词：混合式直流断路器 人工过零点 拓扑结构 IGBT开关 RCD缓冲电路 光伏供电系统 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]