电力变压器环保绝缘油研究进展与趋势  

Research Progress and Trends of Eco-Friendly Insulating Oil for Power Transformers

作　　者：马秉伟 陈晓国 郑宇 刘凯 陶子林 彭瑞超 王宝山[3] 袁佳歆[3] MA Bingwei;CHEN Xiaoguo;ZHENG Yu;LIU Kai;TAO Zilin;PENG Ruichao;WANG Baoshan;YUAN Jiaxin(Zhaoqing Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Co.,Ltd.,Zhaoqing,Guangdong 526060,China;Electric Power Research Institute,CSG,Guangzhou 510663,China;National Key Laboratory of Power Grid Environmental Protection,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]广东电网有限责任公司肇庆供电局,广东肇庆526060 [2]南方电网科学研究院,广州510663 [3]电网环境保护全国重点实验室(武汉大学),武汉430072

出　　处：《南方电网技术》2024年第5期12-21,30,共11页Southern Power System Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(52107161);中国南方电网有限责任公司科技项目(031200KK52222013)。

摘　　要：环保型电工绝缘材料研发是电力行业科技攻关的基础问题和发展趋势,其中电力变压器用环保绝缘油研究是重要方向之一。综述了电力变压器环保绝缘油的研究历程、最新进展和未来发展趋势,首先回顾了矿物油、天然酯及合成酯等三类主要的变压器油研发历史,分析了绝缘油的常规性能指标及其理论评价方法。接着分析了变压器油的绝缘、老化、散热等关键特性的研究现状以及目前绝缘油常见的改性技术。最后分析了量子化学计算应用于绝缘油分子设计研究的现状,提出通过量子化学计算建立绝缘油的宏观性能与微观参数之间的构效关系,从而提升环保绝缘油的研发效率。The research and development of eco-friendly electrical insulation materials is a fundamental issue and development trend in the power industry,among which the research on eco-friendly insulation oil for power transformers is one of the important directions.The research history,latest progress,and future development trends of environmentally friendly insulation oils for power transformers are reviewed.Firstly,the research and development history of three main types of transformer oils are reviewed which are:mineral oil,natural esters and synthetic esters are reviewed.The conventional performance indicators and theoretical evaluation methods of insulation oils are analyzed.Next,the research status of key characteristics such as insulation,aging and heat dissipation of transformer oil are analyzed,as well as common modification technologies for insulation oil at present.Finally,the current status of quantum chemical calculations applied to the design of insulating oil molecules is analyzed,and it is proposed to establish the structure-activity relationship between the macroscopic properties and microscopic parameters of insulating oil through quantum chemical calculations,thereby the research and development efficiency of environmentally friendly insulating oil is improved.

关 键 词：油浸式变压器 矿物油 天然酯 合成酯 电工绝缘材料 环保型电介质 分子设计 

分 类 号：TM835.4[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]