电子围栏背景下共享单车停车行为影响特征分析  

Analyzing Characteristics Influencing Bike-sharing Parking Behavior with Electronic Fences

作　　者：惠英[1] 刘宇良 解英堃 张熙 HUI Ying;LIU Yuliang;XIE Yingkun;ZHANG Xi(The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering,Ministry of Education,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Shanghai Urban Planning&Design Research Institute,Shanghai 200040,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室,上海201804 [2]上海市城市规划设计研究院,上海200040

出　　处：《交通与运输》2024年第3期89-94,共6页Traffic & Transportation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于行为效应空间差异的共享交通体系格局优化研究”(51978475)。

摘　　要：单车规范停放问题影响着共享单车系统的可持续发展,而设置电子围栏是促进单车停放规范化的重要手段。用户在电子围栏背景下规范停车行为的影响机理是制定停放管理政策的基础。基于用户停车选择行为问卷调查的结果,在二项Logit模型的基础上,结合调查数据特征建立固定效应选择模型、非对称选择模型等多个停车行为选择模型,探究各类特征对用户停车行为的影响。结果显示,用户的年龄、职业、收入等社会经济特征,用户在平常使用共享单车的时段、时长、频率及停放困难频率等共享单车出行特征,具体在停车场景下合规停放的绕行距离和违规停放的罚款金额等场景特征,均会显著影响用户合规停放的概率。模型结果可为电子围栏背景下的精细化管理提供用户行为定量分析基础。The issue of proper bicycle parking has a significant impact on the sustainable development of bike-sharing systems,and the implementation of electronic fences is an important measure to promote standardized bicycle parking.The influence mechanism of users’complaint parking behavior under the background of electronic fences is the basis for formulating parking management policies.Based on the results of a questionnaire survey on user parking choices in different scenarios,multiple parking choice models are established,including fixed effects choice models and asymmetric choice models,by integrating the characteristics of the survey data with the basic binary logit model.These models aim to explore the characteristics influencing user parking behavior under the context of electronic fences.The results indicate that users’socio-economic characteristics such as user age group,occupation,income,as well as bike-sharing riding characteristics such as regular usage time period,duration,frequency,and the frequency of facing parking difficulties,and detailed scene features such as the detour distance for compliant parking,and the fine amount for non-compliant parking,significantly influence the probability of users engaging in compliant parking behavior.The model results provide a quantitative basis for refined management under the context of electronic fences.

关 键 词：共享单车 电子围栏 停车行为 离散选择模型 不平衡选择 固定效应 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]