不同入路螺钉内固定治疗HaraguchiⅠ型后踝骨折的疗效分析  

Efficacy of different approaches for screw internal fixation in the treatment of Haraguchi typeⅠposterior ankle fracture

作　　者：高方茂 张杰荣 熊时喜[1] 田晓林[1] 林超 GAO Fang-mao;ZHANG Jie-rong;XIONG Shi-xi;TIAN Xiao-lin;LIN Chao(First Department of Orthopedics,Sanya Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Sanya Hainan 572000,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省三亚市中医院骨一科,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《局解手术学杂志》2024年第6期521-524,共4页Journal of Regional Anatomy and Operative Surgery

基　　金：海南省医药卫生科研项目(21A200340)。

摘　　要：目的探究不同入路螺钉内固定治疗三踝骨折中后踝骨折的疗效及并发症分析。方法前瞻性选取2019年5月至2020年10月本院收治的HaraguchiⅠ型后踝骨折患者80例为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为A组、B组,每组40例。A组患者采用经皮由前向后螺钉内固定后踝骨折治疗,B组患者采用经皮后外侧入路有限暴露并复位螺钉内固定后踝骨折治疗。比较2组患者的手术指标与术后恢复情况、美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)评分、末次随访踝关节活动度(ROM)评分、术后评估情况、术后并发症发生情况。结果2组患者手术时间、完全负重时间、骨折愈合时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但A组患者透视次数多于B组,术中出血量、腓骨切口长度少/短于B组(P<0.05)。2组患者术后6个月、末次随访时的AOFAS评分均较术后3个月升高,且末次随访时的AOFAS评分高于术后6个月,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);B组患者术后6个月、末次随访时的AOFAS评分均高于A组(P<0.05)。2组患者末次随访时的踝关节(跖屈、外翻、内翻、背屈)ROM评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者螺钉位置不佳、疼痛程度、行走及下蹲情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。B组患者后踝骨折复位质量优于A组(Z=4.248,P<0.05)。2组患者均未发生内固定松动、骨折复位丢失等并发症。结论经皮由前向后螺钉内固定与经皮后外侧入路有限暴露并复位螺钉内固定治疗三踝骨折中后踝骨折均具有较好效果,且安全性高,前者透视次数更多,术中出血量更少,后者改善踝关节功能与骨折复位质量更好。Objective To investigate the efficacy of different approaches for screw internal fixation in the treatment of posterior ankle fractures in trimalleolar fracture,and the complications was analyzed.Methods A prospective study was conducted on 80 patients with Haraguchi typeⅠposterior ankle fracture who admitted to our hospital from May 2019 to October 2020,they were randomly divided into group A and group B according to a random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.Patients in group A were treated with percutaneous anterior to posterior screw internal fixation for posterior ankle fractures,while patients in group B were treated with percutaneous posterolateral approach limited exposure and reduction screw internal fixation for posterior ankle fractures.The surgical indicators,postoperative recovery,American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)score,ROM score of ankle joint at the last follow-up,postoperative evaluation,and postoperative complications of patients between the two groups were compared.Results There was no statistically significant difference in operation time,complete weight-bearing time,or fracture healing time of patients between the two groups(P>0.05),but the fluoroscopy times of patients in group A was less than that in group B,the intraoperative bleeding volume and fibular incision length were less/shorter than those in group B(P<0.05).The AOFAS scores of patients 6 months after surgery and at the last follow-up in both groups increased compared with those 3 months after surgery,and the AOFAS scores at the last follow-up were higher than those 6 months after surgery,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The AOFAS scores of patients 6 months after surgery and at the last follow-up in group B were higher than those in group A(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in ROM score of ankle joints(plantar flexion,valgus,varus,dorsiflexion)of patients between the two groups at the last follow-up(P>0.05).There was no statistically significant differenc

关 键 词：三踝骨折 后踝骨折 经皮由前向后螺钉内固定 经皮后外侧入路有限暴露并复位螺钉内固定 疗效 并发症 

分 类 号：R683.42[医药卫生—骨科学]