人为干扰对黄河湿地植物群落的影响及其机制  

Effects of Human Disturbances on Plant Community of the Yellow River Wetland and its Mechanisms

作　　者：万俊锋[1,2] 宋一帆 郭林[3] 马逸飞 李哲 丁俊祥[1] 郭笑盈 WAN Junfeng;SONG Yifan;GUO Lin;MA Yifei;LI Zhe;DING Junxiang;GUO Xiaoying(School of Ecology and Environment,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan International Joint Laboratory of Environment and Resources,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan Academy of Geology,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学生态与环境学院,河南郑州450001 [2]河南省环境与资源国际联合实验室,河南郑州450001 [3]河南省地质研究院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（工学版）》2024年第4期102-110,共9页Journal of Zhengzhou University（Engineering Science）

基　　金：河南省自然资源厅科技攻关项目(豫自然资函[2021]157号-9);郑州大学院士团队科研启动基金(13432340370)。

摘　　要：为了分析人为干扰类型对黄河湿地植物群落的影响差异及相关作用机制,在进行大量实地调查后,选择郑州段3个分别受农业种植、水库修建、建筑施工干扰下的湿地为对象,在对植物群落与相关环境因子指标进行测定后,结合人类压力指标评价体系进行冗余分析。结果表明:研究区湿地植物群落整体表现出明显的退化趋势,维持湿地生产力的内在功能降低;对于不同人为干扰类型下的样地,受到人为干扰的严重程度从大到小依次为建筑施工类干扰、农业种植类干扰、水库修建类干扰;随着人为干扰严重程度的加剧,不同湿地植物群落相似性系数依次下降,鸟类栖息地湿地和太平庄北湿地的物种丰富度指数较桃花峪湿地相比下降程度分别为15.98%和37.05%,整体湿地植物群落构建逐渐趋于简单化;在引起湿地退化的诸多因素中,土壤中铵态氮含量改变对物种多样性指数与物种均匀度指数呈显著负相关,是湿地植物退化的主要原因之一。In order to analyze the different types of influence of human disturbance on plant communities in the Yellow River wetland and the relevant mechanisms,three wetlands in Zhengzhou section which were respectively af-fected by agricultural planting,reservoir construction and building construction,were selected after conducting a large number of field investigations.After measuring the plant communities and related environmental factors,re-dundancy analysis was carried out based on human pressure index evaluation system.The results showed that the whole wetland plant community showed an obvious degradation trend,and the function of productivity maintenance decreased.For the sample land with different types of human disturbance,the severity of human disturbance varied from the disturbance caused by reservoir construction to agricultural planting,and building construction.With in-tensification of the severity of human disturbance,the similarity coefficients of plant communities in different wet-lands declined successively,and the species richness index of wetland in Bird Nature Reserve and Taipingzhuang North wetland decreased by 15.98%and 37.05%,respectively,compared with the Taohuayu wetland,indicating that the overall construction of wetland plant communities gradually became simpler.Among the many factors cau-sing wetland degradation,the change of ammonium nitrogen content in soil had a significant negative correlation with species diversity index and species evenness index,and was one of the main reasons for wetland plant degrada-tion.

关 键 词：黄河湿地 退化机制 植物群落 人为干扰评价 冗余分析 

分 类 号：X506[环境科学与工程—环境工程]