海南省陵水县高峰地热田水文地球化学特征与成因分析  

Hydrogeochemical characteristics and genesis of Gaofeng geothermal fields in Hainan province

作　　者：符海转 王世军 黄泽佼 徐子东 FU Haizhuan;WANG Shijun;HUANG Zejiao;XU Zidong(Hainan Investigation Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology,Haikou Hainan 571000,China;Hebei Yikun Advanced Technology of Geotechnical Engineering Co.Ltd Hainan branch,Haikou Hainan 571000,China)

机构地区：[1]海南水文地质工程地质勘察院,海南海口571000 [2]河北益坤岩土工程新技术有限公司海南分公司,海南海口571000

出　　处：《世界核地质科学》2024年第3期508-521,共14页World Nuclear Geoscience

摘　　要：利用研究区水化学、同位素和地温场数据,分析浅层地下冷水、地表水和地热水的水化学特征、地热水的补给来源和年龄,估算地热水的热储温度、冷水混入比例和循环深度。结果表明:高峰地热田地热水为溶滤型陆相沉积水,补给来源为大气降水,补给高程介于1133~1215.8 m之间。热源为大地热流,大气降水入渗沿断裂带深循环运移,在大地热流背景下,不断被加热,形成高温地热水,赋存于裂隙发育的构造破碎带,热储沿断裂带展布,呈带状。地热水主要在F1、F2断裂带交汇处附近沿断裂作垂向上涌。在上涌的过程中混入冷水而降温,以自流热水井或热泉的形式排泄于地表。地热水的水化学类型有Cl-Na型、Cl∙HCO_(3)-Na型和Cl∙HCO_(3)∙SO_(4)-Na型;地热水中Cl^(-)和Na^(+)含量最高,反映其具有深部高温热水来源的特征;热水中的Sr、Na^(+)、Li^(+)、Mg^(2+)、Br、K^(+)与Cl^(-)具有显著相关性,说明了Sr、Na^(+)、Li^(+)、Mg^(2+)、Br、K^(+)与Cl^(-)具有相同的来源。热水中偏硅酸和氟含量均达到理疗热矿水水质标准,称为氟硅理疗热矿水。地热水样品3H含量小于2 TU,属于1953年以前形成的“古水”,14C测年测定年龄介于9530~10830 a之间,利用Vogel校正模型得出14C测年校正年龄介于8462~9802 a之间。利用硅-焓模型图解法分析得出地热水中混入冷水比例为0.82。利用多矿物平衡图解法、SiO_(2)地热温标法估算地热水的热储温度为154℃。地热水的循环深度为3705 m。通过地温场特征分析,得出测温曲线斜率突变处构造裂隙发育,岩性破碎,透水性好,为良好的热储场所,对流活动较恒温段强烈,高峰地热田属中低温对流型地热系统。Data in chemistry,isotope and geothermal field in the study area were used to analyze the chemical characteristics of surface water,shallow subsurface cold water and geothermal water,and the recharge sources and age of geothermal water,and estimate the temperatures of geothermal reservoir,the mixing proportion of cold water and the circulating depth of the hot water in the Gaofeng geothermal fields.The results show that geothermal groundwater belongs to the lysofiltrational type of continental sedimentation.The geothermal groundwater is recharged by the atmospheric precipitation at the elevation of 1133~1215.8 m which run into the depth along the fault zone and heated by the terrestrial heat flow.The geothermal reservoir formed by the warm water in the stripped rocks of high porosity and high permeability the along fractured zones.The geothermal waters are mainly upwelling along stripped structure fractured zones near the intersection of F1 and F2.In the process of upwelling,the hot water is cooled by the cold water and discharged from the surface by artesian hot wells and thermal springs.The hydrochemical types of geothermal water are Cl^(-)Na,Cl∙HCO_(3)-Na,Cl∙HCO_(3)∙SO_(4)-Na;the highest content components are Cl-and Na+suggesting the characteristics of high-temperature hot water source from the deep.Good linear relations between Sr,Na^(+),Li^(+),Mg^(2+),Br,K^(+)and Cl^(-)reflects the geochemical characteristic of same source.The content of metasilicic acid and fluorine reaches the quality standard of physiotherapy hot mineral water and can be called fluorosilicon thermal mineral water.The test results of 3H is under 2 TU indicating the geothermal water samples belongs to the ancient water formed before 1953,which are verified by the 14C test age of 9530~10830 a,corrected age of 8462~9802 a by the Vogel calibration model.The proportion of cold water mixing is 0.82 by graphical method of SI-enthalpy model and the calculated the temperature of reservoir is 154℃by the multi-mineral equilibrium diagram met

关 键 词：地热水 水文地球化学特征 热储温度 地热水年龄 地温场 热储 

分 类 号：P641.3[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P641.7[天文地球—地质学]