基于有限元仿真的髓内钉参数对儿童股骨干骨折的影响  

Influence of intramedullary nail parameters on femoral shaft fracture in children based on finite element simulation

作　　者：肖有伸 陈睿娜 杨玉菊 郑钰 谷雪莲[1,2] 李海 XIAO Youshen;CHEN Ruina;YANG Yuju;ZHENG Yu;GU Xuelian;LI Hai(School of Health Science and Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Interventional Medical Device,Shanghai 200093;Department of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery,Xinhua Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200092)

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学健康科学与工程学院,上海200093 [2]上海市介入医疗器械工程技术研究中心,上海200093 [3]上海市交通大学医学院附属新华医院儿骨科,上海200092

出　　处：《北京生物医学工程》2024年第3期221-228,共8页Beijing Biomedical Engineering

基　　金：上海理工大学教师教学发展研究项目(52-14-113-001);上海市生物医学工程研究生示范实践基地项目(14018308001);上海介入医疗器械工程技术研究中心项目(18DZ2250900)资助。

摘　　要：目的研究髓内钉关键参数对儿童股骨干骨折的生物力学性能影响,为后续儿童髓内钉的几何尺寸设计及生物力学分析提供依据。方法通过Mimics建立儿童股骨模型,使用SolidWorks进行180 mm、210 mm、240 mm 3种长度的髓内钉设计,使用Ansys Workbench有限元仿真软件,分别对3种长度的髓内钉进行医用不锈钢和钛合金材料的赋值,求解出使用不同长度及材料的髓内钉进行内固定时,股骨在轴向载荷下的应力分布及位移,评估髓内钉固定股骨的稳定性和术后股骨的愈合情况。结果在同种材料下,髓内钉长度与股骨平均应力值、股骨最大位移呈负相关,即随髓内钉长度的增加,股骨平均应力值及股骨最大位移减小,稳定性更好。相同长度下,钛合金髓内钉与医用不锈钢髓内钉相比较,可适当减弱应力屏蔽效应,利于术后股骨愈合。结论本研究建立的儿童股骨及髓内钉内固定模型说明了髓内钉长度及材料对于股骨的稳定性及骨折愈合的影响,可为后续儿童髓内钉的几何尺寸初步设计及生物力学分析提供依据。Objective To study the influence of key parameters of intramedullary nail on biomechanical properties of femoral shaft fracture in children,and to provide basis for geometric design and biomechanical analysis of intramedullary nail in children.Methods The femoral model of children was established by Mimics.Three models of different lengths that include 180 mm,210 mm,240 mm by SolidWorks were designed.The values of medical stainless steel and titanium alloy were assigned to the three lengths of intramedullary nails by Ansys Workbench.The values of medical stainless steel and titanium alloy materials were assigned to the three lengths of intramedullary nails respectively.The stress distribution and displacement of femur under axial load were calculated when different lengths and materials of intramedullary nail were used for internal fixation.To evaluate the stability of femur fixed by intramedullary nail and the postoperative healing of femur.Results The results showed that under the same material,the length of intramedullary nail was negatively correlated with the mean stress value and the maximum displacement of femur.In other words,with the increase of the length of intramedullary nail,the mean stress value of femur and the maximum displacement of femur decrease,and the stability is better.At the same length,the titanium alloy intramedullary nail can be compared with the medical stainless steel intramedullary nail,which can appropriately weaken the stress shielding effect and facilitate the postoperative femoral healing.Conclusions The model of femur and intramedullary nail fixation in children established in this study demonstrates the influence of the length and material of intramedullary nail on the stability of femur and fracture healing.It provides a basis for the geometric design and biomechanical analysis of intramedullary nail in children.

关 键 词：髓内钉 股骨干骨折 有限元分析 生物力学 矫治 

分 类 号：R318.01[医药卫生—生物医学工程]