黄河流域生态保护与修复科学问题的思考和建议  

Reflection and Suggestions on Scientific Issues of Ecological Protection and Restoration in the Yellow River Basin

作　　者：崔建国 高广磊[2] CUI Jianguo;GAO Guanglei(Chinese Society of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Forestry University,College of Soil and Water Conversation,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水土保持学会,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国水土保持》2024年第6期5-7,I0001,共4页Soil and Water Conservation in China

基　　金：中国科协决策咨询专家团队项目(20220615ZZ08010042)。

摘　　要：分析了黄河流域生态保护与修复面临的上游水源涵养、中游水土保持、下游湿地保护等科学问题,并提出相应的实施路径,得出:黄河上游应聚焦草地保护与可持续管理,森林植被水文调节和水源涵养能力提升,固沙植被稳定性评价、维持和提高,水源涵养功能建设与水资源供给关系协调等;黄河中游应侧重水资源承载力及林草植被修复潜力、水土保持措施建设适宜规模与优化布局、流域综合治理水沙协同调控;黄河下游则应重点关注生态基流水平与冲沙用水量、冲刷与淤积演变规律、湿地生物多样性保护等问题。The paper analyzed the scientific issues of ecological protection and restoration in the Yellow River Basin,including water source conser-vation in the upper reaches,soil and water conservation in the middle reaches,and wetland protection in the lower reaches,and proposed corresponding implementation measures.The upper reaches of the Yellow River should focus on grassland protection and sustainable manage-ment,hydrological regulation of forest and improvement of water source conservation function,evaluation,maintenance and improvement of stability of sand fixing vegetation,water source conservation function construction and coordination between supply and demand of water re-sources.The middle reaches of the Yellow River should focus on the carrying capacity of water resources and the vegetation restoration poten-tial for forest and grass,the appropriate scale and optimized layout of soil and water conservation measures construction,and the coordinated management of water and sediment in comprehensive watershed management.The lower reaches of the Yellow River should focus on the eco-logical base flow level,water consumption of sediment flushing,erosion and sedimentation evolution patterns,and biodiversity protection in the wetland.

关 键 词：黄河流域 生态保护与修复 水源涵养功能 水资源承载力 湿地保护 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]