基于逐历元相位差分和TEQC的海洋GPS数据质量分析  

Marine GPS data quality analysis based on epoch-by-epoch phasedifference and TEQC

作　　者：于文兵 YU Wenbing(Hunan Provincial Institute of Hydrogeological and Environmental Geological Survey and Monitoring,Changsha Hunan 410100,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省水文地质环境地质调查监测所,湖南长沙410100

出　　处：《北京测绘》2024年第3期415-420,共6页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：湖南省水文地质环境地质调查监测所科研项目(HNSHK202206)。

摘　　要：全球定位系统(GPS)浮标作为海洋观测的重要手段,在海洋监测方面发挥重要作用。本文将以江苏连云港以东海域布放的实验浮标采集的GPS数据为例,使用数据预处理软件(TEQC)从信噪比、多路径和精度因子等角度对GPS浮标数据质量进行分析,引入逐历元相位差分的方法对GPS浮标数据的稳定性和数据质量进行分析。结果显示:GPS L1和L2观测量的信噪比在35~45 dBHz的比例分别占到85.3%和92.1%,与陆地固定站相比,噪声表现相当甚至略优于陆地固定站。L1和L2观测量的多路径效应大部分集中在-0.46~0.46 m和-0.35~0.35 m,与陆地固定站相比,GPS浮标数据的多路径效应略高,GPS浮标观测数据的精度因子比陆地固定站大。从逐历元相位差分的结果来看,GPS浮标的数据稳定性和质量较陆地固定站差,海洋的恶劣环境对GPS观测数据产生了较大影响。As one of the important means of ocean observation,global positioning system(GPS)buoys play an important role in ocean monitoring.This paper used GPS data collected from experimental buoys deployed in the East China Sea area of Lianyungang,Jiangsu Province as an example and adopted data preprocessing software(TEQC)to analyze the quality of GPS buoy data from the perspectives of signal-to-noise ratio,multipath effect,and accuracy factor.The method of epochby-epoch phase difference was introduced to analyze the stability and data quality of GPS buoy data.The analysis results show that the signal-to-noise ratios of GPS L1 and L2 observations between 35 and 45 dBHz account for 85.3%and 92.1%,respectively.Compared with fixed land stations,the noise performance is comparable or even slightly better.The multipath effects of L1 and L2 observations are mostly concentrated in the range of−0.46-0.46 m and−0.35-0.35 m,and compared with fixed land stations,the multipath effects of GPS buoy data are slightly higher.The accuracy factor of GPS buoy data is slightly higher than that of fixed land stations.The results of epoch-by-epoch phase difference analysis show that the stability and quality of GPS buoy data are worse than those of fixed land stations,and the harsh environment of the ocean has a significant impact on GPS data.

关 键 词：海洋全球定位系统数据质量 逐历元相位差 多路径效应 信噪比 精度因子 

分 类 号：P228.4[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]