Health risks and sources of trace elements and black carbon in PM_(2.5)from 2019 to 2021 in Beijing  

作　　者：Chenjie Hua Wei Ma Feixue Zheng Yusheng Zhang Jiali Xie Li Ma Boying Song Chao Yan Hongyan Li Zhen Liu Qian Liu Markku Kulmala Yongchun Liu 

机构地区：[1]Aerosol and Haze Laboratory,Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China [2]Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research,Faculty of Science,University of Helsinki,Helsinki 00014,Finland [3]School of Environment and Safety,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China [4]State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China

出　　处：《Journal of Environmental Sciences》2024年第8期69-82,共14页环境科学学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42275117,22076135,41501543)。

摘　　要：A comprehensive health risk assessment of PM_(2.5)is meaningful to understand the current status and directions regarding further improving air quality from the perspective of human health.In this study,we evaluated the health risks of PM_(2.5)as well as highly toxic inorganic components,including heavy metals(HMs)and black carbon(BC)based on longterm observations in Beijing from 2019 to 2021.Our results showed that the relative risks of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,lung cancer,acute lower respiratory tract infection,ischemic heart disease,and stroke decreased by 4.07%-9.30%in 2020 and 2.12%-6.70%in2021 compared with 2019.However,they were still at high levels ranging from 1.26 to 1.77,in particular,stroke showed the highest value in 2021.Mn had the highest hazard quotient(HQ,from 2.18 to 2.56)for adults from 2019 to 2021,while Ni,Cr,Pb,As,and BC showed high carcinogenic risks(CR>1.0×10^(-6))for adults.The HQ values of Mn and As and the CR values of Pb and As showed constant or slight upwards trends during our observations,which is in contrast to the downward trends of other HMs and PM_(2.5).Mn,Cr,and BC are crucial toxicants in PM_(2.5).A significant shrink of southern region sourcesof HMs and BCshrank suggests the increased importance of local sources.Industry,dust,and biomass burning are the major contributors to the non-carcinogenic risks,while traffic emissions and industry are the dominant contributors to the carcinogenic risks in Beijing.

关 键 词：PM_(2.5) Heavy metals Black carbon Health risk Source apportionment 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]