美国国际紧急权力扩张的国际法限度  

America's International Emergency Powers and China's Response

作　　者：杜涛[1] 胡洋铭 Du Tao;Hu Yangming

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学国际法学院

出　　处：《美国研究》2024年第2期79-108,M0005,共31页The Chinese Journal of American Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国特色社会主义对外关系法律体系构建研究”(19ZDA167)的研究成果。

摘　　要：建国以来,美国国际紧急权力急遽膨胀,从最初的战时权力一跃成为和平时期实施经济制裁的法律依据。大国竞争时代,美国为了维护自身霸权地位逐渐将国际紧急权力进一步扩张为与他国进行“贸易战”的有力武器。尽管美国国际紧急权力得到了立法与司法的支撑,但仍难以通过国际法层面的合法性检验。面对美国利用国际紧急权力施加的遏制措施,中国既要坚守经济安全底线,积极参与中美双边经贸谈判,也要充分借助多边形式解决问题,并及时完善反制规则、适时采取反制措施。Since the founding of the United States,its international emergency powers have expanded exponentially,leapfrogging from the initial wartime powers to the legal basis for imposing economic sanctions in peacetime.In the era of major power competition,the United States,in order to safeguard its hegemonic position,has gradually further expanded its international emergency powers as a powerful weapon in its"trade war"with other countries.Despite the legislative and judicial underpinning of U.S.international emergency powers,its legitimacy at the level of international law is still open to question.In the face of the containment measures imposed by the United States through the use of international emergency powers,China should not only actively participate in the bilateral economic and trade negotiations with the United States,but also fully utilize multilateral international mechanisms to defend its national rights and interests.It is also necessary to timely perfect countermeasures rule and take countermeasures in due course.

关 键 词：中美关系 国际法 国际紧急权力 《国际紧急状态经济权力法》 科技竞争 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学] D99