要素价格与新发展格局构建:基于工业用地价格与企业国际国内市场选择的证据  

Factor Prices and the Construction of New Development Paradigm:Evidence from the Industrial Land Prices and Firms' Market Choice

作　　者：张艳 赵凌雪 刘青 ZHANG Yan;ZHAO Lingxue;LIU Qing(School of International Trade and Economics,Central University of Finance and Economics;School of Economics,Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]央财经大学国际经济与贸易学院 [2]中国人民大学经济学院

出　　处：《数量经济技术经济研究》2024年第5期134-155,共22页Journal of Quantitative & Technological Economics

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(23&ZD041);国家社会科学基金一般项目(20210052);中央财经大学青年科研创新团队支持计划资助。

摘　　要：本文将土地要素市场与产品市场选择问题相结合,剖析中国制造业出口相对规模下降的原因。首先,在异质性企业贸易模型中引入工业用地成本,发现工业用地价格上升通过成本上升效应和市场转换效应,影响企业在国际国内市场选择。其次,基于2007~2013年中国工业用地出让数据和工业企业数据库展开实证研究,结果表明工业用地价格上升显著降低了制造业出口产出比;对于非国有企业、低技术密集型行业及东部地区的影响更显著。在中国土地要素市场化改革的背景下,工业用地价格上升,有助于高效率企业在国际国内市场有效配置资源,通过要素市场和产品市场联动,共促新发展格局的构建。Extensive literature has investigated the miracle of China's export growth,but only a few studies explain the fact that the absolute size of China's goods exports has increased while the relative size of its exports(the export-to-output ratio)has continued to decline. This study combines the factor market with the product market to explore how rising industrial land prices affect firms' domestic and international market choices and provide insights into why the relative size of Chinese manufacturing exports has declined.We first set up a theoretical model by incorporating land costs into a heterogeneous firm model to analyze the effect of rising industrial land prices on firms' export and domestic sales decisions. We find that the rising industrial land prices increase the cutoff of productivity in both domestic and export markets,thus changing their output distribution and choices in these two markets. Moreover,rising land prices lead to a proportion of firms whose productivity lies on the export threshold switching from exports to domestic sales,leading to a greater increase in domestic sales.Second,an empirical analysis based on the industrial land transaction data and the ASIF datasets reveals that an increase in industrial land prices significantly decreases the manufacturing export-tooutput ratio. Moreover,the effect of rising land prices is stronger for private and foreign firms,lowtechnology-intensive industries, and the eastern region. In addition, to overcome the potential endogeneity issue,this study uses the National Minimum Price Standard for Industrial Land Transfers implemented in 2007 and sets up an instrumental variable for land prices. The robustness of the empirical results is further verified by eliminating the sample of processing trade firms,excluding the impact of statistical standard changes, and changing the measurement of variables. The mechanism of the redistribution effect of land prices on manufacturing output in domestic and export markets is also tested.First,by decomposing the rati

关 键 词：工业用地价格 出口产出比 市场选择 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济]