盐碱处理对高羊茅根际土壤微生物多样性和网络复杂性的影响  

Effects of Saline-alkali Treatment on Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Community and Network Complexity of Tall Fescue

作　　者：唐慧敏 倪晓臻 王颖超 张雅洁 刘慧 TANG Hui-min;NI Xiao-zhen;WANG Ying-chao;ZHANG Ya-jie;LIU Hui(College of Life Sciences,Dezhou University,Dezhou 253023,China)

机构地区：[1]德州学院生命科学学院,山东德州253023

出　　处：《土壤通报》2024年第2期428-436,共9页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32001103);德州学院科学研究基金项目(2019xjrc317);德州学院横向科研项目(HXKT2023070);山东省属普通本科高校教师访学研修经费资助。

摘　　要：[目的]以高羊茅(Festuca elata‘CrossfireⅡ’)为试材,研究不同程度盐碱处理对高羊茅根际土壤细菌和真菌群落多样性、组成和网络复杂性的影响。[方法]按9∶1∶1∶9摩尔比例混合NaCl、Na_(2)SO_(4)、NaHCO_(3)和Na_(2)CO_(3)四种盐,配制0、200、400和600 mmol L^(-1)4个浓度盐溶液,分别为S_(0)、S_(1)、S_(2)和S_(3)处理。不同浓度盐溶液定时定量浇入种植高羊茅盆栽土壤中,90天后采用高通量测序技术检测土壤微生物群落。[结果]与S_(0)处理相比,S_(1)和S_(2)盐碱处理对土壤真菌多样性和网络复杂性无显著影响,S_(3)处理显著降低了土壤真菌多样性和网络复杂性。盐碱处理也改变了土壤真菌群落组成,随盐碱处理程度的增加,优势门子囊菌门真菌相对多度逐渐增加,壶菌门真菌相对多度逐渐降低。与真菌相比,盐碱处理对土壤细菌群落影响较小,仅S_(3)处理降低了土壤细菌网络复杂性,但对细菌多样性和群落组成无显著影响。结构方程模型结果显示,盐碱处理通过影响有机碳和有效磷对土壤真菌群落产生间接影响。[结论]高浓度盐碱处理降低了高羊茅根际土壤真菌多样性和网络复杂性,改变了真菌群落组成,但对细菌群落影响较小。[Objective]Tall fescue(Festuca elata‘crossfire II’)was used as the test material to study the effects of different levels of saline-alkali treatment on the diversity,composition and network complexity of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of tall fescue.[Method]Four salts(NaCl,Na_(2)SO_(4),NaHCO_(3),and Na_(2)CO_(3))were mixed in a 9∶1∶1∶9 M ratio,and four treatments of 0(S_(0)),200(S_(1)),400(S_(2))and 600 mmol/L(S_(3))were set.Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing was used to measure soil microbial community.[Result]S1 and S_(2) saline-alkali treatments had no significant effect on soil fungal diversity and network complexity compared with S0 treatment,while S3 treatment significantly reduced soil fungal diversity and network complexity.Saline-alkali treatment also shifted fungal community composition,with increased relative abundances of dominant phyla Ascomycota and decreased relative abundances of Chytridiomycota.Compared with fungal community,saline-alkali treatment had less effect on soil bacterial community.S_(3) saline-alkali treatment reduced the complexity of soil bacterial network,but had no significant effect on bacterial diversity and community composition.SEM showed that the saline-alkali effects on soil fungal community composition were primarily mediated by soil organic carbon and soil available phosphorus.[Conclusion]High concentration saline-alkali treatment reduced the diversity and network complexity of fungi in rhizosphere soil of tall fescue,and changed the composition of fungal community,but had little effect on bacterial community.

关 键 词：盐碱处理 细菌群落 真菌群落 土壤理化性质 高通量测序 

分 类 号：Q948.113[生物学—植物学]