砒砂岩区沙棘根际土壤微生物群落对平茬的响应  

Response of Microbial Community of Rhizosphere Soil to Stumping of Hippophae rhamnoides in the Arsenic Sandstone Area

作　　者：祁慧娟 郭月峰 姚云峰 祁伟 卜繁靖 王皓月 QI Hui-juan;GUO Yue-feng;YAO Yun-feng;QI Wei;BU Fan-jing;WANG Hao-yue(College of Desert Management,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China;Design Institute of Water Conservancy and Hydroelectric Power in Inner Mongolia,Hohhot 0100120,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,内蒙古呼和浩特市010018 [2]内蒙古水利水电勘测设计院,内蒙古呼和浩特市010020

出　　处：《土壤通报》2024年第2期437-447,共11页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：内蒙古自治区技术攻关项目(2021GG0085);内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目(BR22-15-01);鄂尔多斯技术攻关项目(2021YY社106-55);鄂尔多斯重点研发项目(2021EEDSCXQDFZ011);国家自然科学基金项目(31960329);内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2022MS03029)资助。

摘　　要：[目的]内蒙古砒砂岩区是黄土高原乃至世界水土流失最为严重的地区之一,针对目前砒砂岩区生态功能退化、水土流失严重等问题,掌握砒砂岩区平茬后沙棘人工林根际土壤微生物特征,明确平茬对沙棘根际土壤微生物群落结构的影响。[方法]本研究以该区已进入衰退期的沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)人工林为研究对象,运用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序法对平茬(齐地平茬0 cm,留茬10 cm,15 cm,20 cm)与未平茬条件下沙棘林下根际土壤微生物细菌群落多样性及群落结构微生物数量等指标进行分析。[结果](1)根际土壤理化性质中各个指标表明15 cm平茬处理较其它平茬处理优,各个平茬处理下根际土壤pH变化不明显。(2)15 cm平茬处理特有扩增子序列变异(ASV)且数目最多。细菌群落的alpha多样性土层0~10 cm最高,平茬处理组15 cm最高,平茬处理组高于未平茬处理。各个平茬模式0~10 cm根际土壤深度之间成分相似,20~30 cm根际土壤深度之间成分相似,10~20 cm根际土壤深度成分不相似,平茬处理组中15 cm分布相对独立。(3)4个沙棘平茬模式和对照组未平茬根际土壤样本共检测到细菌37门、116纲、227目、356科、634属和697种。门水平属水平下0~10 cm土层相对丰度最高,门水平属水平下15cm平茬处理相对丰度最高。(4)根际土壤理化性质与细菌优势门丰度相关性分析,根际土壤有效磷与大部分细菌优势门具有极显著相关关系。[结论]沙棘留茬高度为15 cm时最好,平茬有利于沙棘林下根际土壤修复,间接反映出平茬对沙棘更新复壮是有利的。研究结果可为砒砂岩区沙棘人工林更新复壮及生态恢复提供理论依据。[Objective]The Pisha sandstone area of Inner Mongolia is one of the most serious areas of soil and water loss in the Loess Plateau and even the world.Given the current problems of ecological function degradation and serious soil and water loss in the Pisha sandstone area,the microbial characteristics of rhizosphere soil under Hippophae rhamnoides plantation after stumping in the Pisha sandstone area were mastered,and the effect of stumping on the microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil under Hippophae rhamnoides was clarified.[Method]In this study,Hippophae rhamnoides plantation,which has entered a recession period in this area,was used as the research object.Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing method was used to analyze the microbial community diversity and community structure of the rhizosphere soil of Hippophae rhamnoides under stumping(stubble 0 cm,stubble 10 cm,15 cm,20 cm)and non-stubble conditions.[Result]The results showed that:①The physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil showed that the 15 cm stubble treatment was superior to other stubble treatments,and the pH of rhizosphere soil did not change significantly under each stubble treatment.②The specific amplicon sequence variation(ASV)of 15 cm stubble treatment was the most.The alpha diversity of bacterial community was the highest in 0-10 cm soil layer,the highest in 15 cm soil layer of flat stubble treatment group,and the flat stubble treatment group was higher than that of non-flat stubble treatment.The composition of 0-10 cm rhizosphere soil depth was similar,the composition of 20-30 cm rhizosphere soil depth was similar,the composition of 10-20 cm rhizosphere soil depth was not similar,and the distribution of 15 cm in the stubble treatment group was relatively independent.③A total of 37 phyla,116 classes,227 orders,356 families,634 genera and 697 species of bacteria were detected in the rhizosphere soil samples of the four Hippophae rhamnoides stubble patterns and the control group.The relative abundance of 0-10 cm s

关 键 词：砒砂岩区 沙棘 根际土 高通量测序技术 细菌群落多样性 

分 类 号：S796.3[农业科学—林木遗传育种]