文明演进视阈下类人机器的变革图式  

The Transformation Schema of Humanoid Machines in the Perspective of Civilization Evolution

作　　者：胡景谱 陈凡[2] HU Jingpu;CHEN Fan(Research Center for Chinese Ethical Civilization,Hunan Normal University,Changsha,Hunan,410006;Research Center for Philosophy of Science and Technology,Northeastern University,Shenyang,Liaoning,110819)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学中华伦理文明研究中心,湖南长沙410006 [2]东北大学科学技术哲学研究中心,辽宁沈阳110819

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2024年第4期66-73,共8页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：湖南省社科基金青年项目“人机交互的“技术情感”理论建构及调节策略研究”(项目编号:23YBQ031)。

摘　　要：类人机器的技术变更史与人类文明演进史相伴而生,具有某种天然的耦合关系,以人类文明演进为主导脉络重新审视类人机器的起源与发展,可进一步把握类人机器发展的社会文化条件及其与人类的关系。史料溯源表明,农业文明时期原始神学自然观与朴素唯物主义自然观相互交织,使人们萌生了早期类人机器形象的想象;工业文明时期的机械唯物主义冲破神学羁绊,强调经验事实和客观存在,使类人机器显现出机械性特征;信息文明时期生产生活信息化等基本特征,赋予了类人机器与万物互联的有机性;智能文明时期整体智能化的出现,使类人机器从专用领域拓展到通用领域,或将取得“认知主体”“道德主体”和“情感主体”等地位,类人机器的客体地位或将被终结而因此获得主体地位。The history of technological changes in humanoid machines is closely related to the evolution of human civilization,and there is a natural coupling relationship.Taking the evolution of human civilization as the dominant context,a re-examination of the origin and development of humanoid machines can further grasp the social and cultural conditions for the development of humanoid machines and their relationship with humans.The tracing of historical materials indicates that during the agricultural civilization period,the primitive theological view of nature was intertwined with the naive materialist view of nature,which gave rise to the imagination of early humanoid machine images;During the industrial civilization period,mechanical materialism broke through the shackles of theology,emphasizing empirical facts and objective existence,making humanoid machines exhibit mechanical characteristics;The basic characteristics of production and life informatization during the era of information civilization endow humanoid machines with the organic nature of interconnection with all things.The emergence of overall intelligence during the era of intelligent civilization has expanded humanoid machines from specialized fields to general fields,and may acquire positions such as"cognitive subject","moral subject",and"emotional subject".The object status of humanoid machines may be terminated and thus they may obtain the subjectstatus.

关 键 词：类人机器 文明演进 机器想象 变革图式 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学] K826.1[历史地理—历史学]