单身女性社会性冻卵多维认知下的法律权利省思  

Reflections on Legal Rights for Single Women's Social Egg Freezing Under Multidimensional Cognition

作　　者：张琨[1] 蔡晓 ZHANG Kun;CAI Xiao(School of Health Humanities,Peking University,Beijing,100191;School of Law,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,Hubei,430073)

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学人文学院,北京100191 [2]中南财经政法大学法学院,湖北武汉430007

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2024年第4期100-109,共10页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“人类辅助生殖技术的法律规制研究”(项目编号:21JZD032)。

摘　　要：冻卵技术日臻成熟,女性的自我发展,使单身女性寻求社会性冻卵以保存最佳状态卵子来延迟生育成为客观需要。医学性冻卵已被法律认可,但单身女性社会性冻卵仍受限制。现行政策法滞后与制定法缺失,对冻卵本质的认识不清和传统生育伦理观念束缚等,构成限制单身女性社会性冻卵成为一项法律权利的多个维度。分析发现,现行政策法与上位法立法精神不符,冻卵区别于人类辅助生殖技术,区分社会性冻卵与医学性冻卵无意义,单身女性的生育权应当被保障。因此,这些“限制”应当被移除。同时,权利实现以权利确认为基础,但权利确认并非意味着权利实现,单身女性社会性冻卵作为一项法律权利的有效实现仍需找到出口,平衡各方利益,规范系列操作行为。As the technology of egg freezing becomes increasingly mature,the self-development of women has made social egg freezing a necessity for single women to delay childbirth by preserving their best eggs.While medical egg freezing has been recognized by law,social egg freezing for single women is still restricted.The current policy and legal framework lags behind and lacks clear understanding of the essence of egg freezing and is constrained by traditional ethical views on reproduction,constituting multiple dimensions of restrictions on the legal right of single women for social egg freezing.Analysis shows that the current policies and laws are inconsistent with the legislative spirit of higher laws,and egg freezing is distinct from assisted reproductive technologies,and there is no meaningful distinction between social and medical egg freezing,and the reproductive rights of single women should be protected.Therefore,these"restrictions"should be removed.At the same time,the realization of rights is based on the recognition of rights,but the recognition of rights does not mean the realization of rights.The effective realization of social egg freezing for single women as a legal right still needs to find a way out,balance the interests of all parties,and regulate a series of operational behaviors.

关 键 词：社会性冻卵 单身女性 人类辅助生殖技术 生育权 法律权利 

分 类 号：Q492[生物学—生理学] K825.19[历史地理—历史学]