明代红夷大炮技术研究——以军事博物馆藏红夷大炮为例  

Study on the Technology of Hongyi Cannon in the Ming Dynasty:a case study on the Hongyi Cannon in theMilitaryMuseum

作　　者：王全福 Wang Quanfu

机构地区：[1]中国人民革命军事博物馆

出　　处：《军事历史》2024年第2期54-63,M0003,共11页Military History

摘　　要：明代中后期,红夷大炮技术从西方传入,以其设计先进,结构合理,威力巨大,很快被仿制并不断改进,在和后金的战争中发挥了重要作用。军事博物馆藏明代中后期红夷大炮,充分体现了这类火器的形制特点。随着西洋火器技术和理论的传入,中国军事科技专家和火器工匠在传统火器技术的基础上,应用木型泥模铸炮法和倍径技术,创制出一系列融合中西火器技术优势的红夷大炮,火器的种类更加丰富,形制日臻成熟。In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,the technology of Hongyi Cannon was introduced from the West.With its advanced design,sound structure,and large power,it was soon replicated and continuously improved.The cannons played an important role in the war against the Later Jin Regime.The Hongyi Cannon of the middle and late Ming Dynasty in the collection of the Military Museum fully demonstrated the characteristics of this firearm category.With the introduction of Western frearm technology and theory and on the basis of traditional Chinese firearm skills,Chinese military technology experts and firearms craftsmen applied wooden modelling,clay mold casting and caliber techniques,to create a series of Hongyi Cannons that integrated the advantages of Chinese and Western firearm technology.More types of firearms with standardized designs hence were created.

关 键 词：红夷大炮 物勒工名 木型泥模铸炮法 倍径技术 

分 类 号：E924-09[军事—军事装备学] K248[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]