六横岛邻近海域潮汐潮流特征分析  

Analysis of tidal dynamic characteristics in the sea area adjacent to Liuheng island

作　　者：孙永钊 纪棋严 苏毓 张洁 彭腾腾 左军成 SUN Yongzhao;JI Qiyan;SU Yu;ZHANG Jie;PENG Tengteng;ZUO Juncheng(Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China;Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学海洋科学与技术学院,浙江舟山316022 [2]上海海洋大学海洋科学与生态环境学院,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2024年第2期71-81,共11页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1401406);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0604902);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0604901);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1401605)。

摘　　要：基于FVCOM海洋模式,对六横岛邻近海域建立高分辨率的三维海洋数值模型。精细化模拟了六横岛邻近海域潮汐、潮流的主要特征,模式结果同1个验潮站与2个测流站观测资料吻合明显,可以反映六横岛邻近海域潮汐、潮流运动特征,同时给出了M_(2)、S_(2)、K_(1)、O_(1)、M_(4)、M_(6)等4个主要分潮同潮图与表层潮流椭圆空间分布以及2个浅水分潮同潮图,并分析了潮汐类型系数、最大可能潮差以及潮汐不对称现象分析,最后分析了涨急、落急、涨憩、落憩等经典潮况的表层流场以及表层、0.6 h层、底层的余流空间分布。分析表明,M_(2)、S_(2)、O_(1)分潮均呈南高北低的分布特征,空间分布上M_(2)、S_(2)、O_(1)振幅分别为115~145、15~30、19~24 cm,而K_(1)分潮空间分布无显著特征,振幅在20~30 cm,且主要分潮传播方向一致,均以东海前进波形式传入,对M_(4)、M_(6)分潮振幅分别为2~20、1~6 cm,同时空间分布特征和传播方向与主要分潮相反。基于调和分析结果计算潮型系数与最大可能潮差,整个海域呈正规半日潮性质且最大可能潮差南部海域可达600~650 cm,北部海域则在450~550 cm;通过计算潮汐不对称性,六横南部海域落潮速度大于涨潮速度,北部相反。4个潮况下,落急流场最大,最大可达220 cm/s,而四个主要分潮最大流速分别在160、60、22、12 cm/s,空间分布上均为外海旋转流、近岸往复流的特征;余流的分布上,表层、0.6 h层、底层在岬角处最大可达25 cm/s,但随水深升高余流逐渐减弱。Based on the FVCOM ocean model,a high-resolution three-dimensional ocean numerical model was established for the adjacent sea area of Liuheng island.The main characteristics of tides and tidal currents in the adjacent sea area of Liuheng island were simulated in detail.The results of the model were in good agreement with the observation data of one tide station and two current stations,which could reflect the movement characteristics of tides and tidal currents in the adjacent sea area of Liuheng island.Meanwhile,main tidal components,such as M_(2),S_(2),K_(1),O_(1),M_(4) and M_(6),and the elliptical spatial distribution of surface tidal currents as well as two shallow water tidal components were given.Finally,the surface flow field and the spatial distribution of residual current in the surface layer,O.6 layer and bottom layer were analyzed.The results showed that M_(2),S_(2) and O_(1) were high in the south and low in the north,and the amplitudes of M_(2),S_(2) and O_(1) were 115-145 cm,15-30 cm and 19-24 cm,respectively.K_(1) was 20-30 cm,and the main tidal components propagated in the same direction.At the same time,the spatial distribution and propagation direction were opposite to the main tidal components.Based on the results of harmonic analysis,the tidal pattern coefficient and the maximum possible tidal range were calculated.The whole sea area was characterized by regular semidiurnal tide,and the maximum possible tidal range could reach 600-650 cm in the southern sea area and 450-550 cm in the northern sea area.According to the calculation of tidal asymmetry,the ebb tide speed in the south of Liuheng was higher than that in the north.Under the four tidal conditions,the maximum velocity of the ebb flow field was 22 cm/s,and the maximum velocity of the four main tidal components was 160 cm/s,60 cm/s,22 cm/s and 12 cm/s,respectively.The spatial distribution of the ebb flow field was characterized by offshore rotating current and inshore reciprocating current.In the distribution of residual current,the maxi

关 键 词：FVCOM 调和分析 潮汐不对称现象 潮流椭圆 余流 

分 类 号：P731.23[天文地球—海洋科学]