不同盐度和氮磷浓度条件下海马齿对水体氮磷的吸收效果及其生长响应  

Effects of salinity and nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations on water quality and growth of Sesuvium portulacastrum

作　　者：郝明梅 李斌 李焕军 乔鹏[3] 张明亮 相智巍 尼志杰 孙琰晴 李萌[3] 胡顺鑫 孙春晓 陈丽竹 HAO Mingmei;Li Bin;LI Huanjun;QIAO Peng;ZHANG Mingliang;XIANG Zhiwei;NI Zhijie;SUN Yanqing;Li Meng;HU Shunxin;SUN Chunxiao;CHEN Lizhu(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai 201306,China;Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute,Yantai 264006,China;Shandong Institute of Sericulture,Yantai 264002,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [2]山东省海洋资源与环境研究院山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室,山东烟台264006 [3]山东省蚕业研究所,山东烟台264002

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2024年第2期125-133,共9页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：山东省“渤海粮仓”科技示范工程升级版项目(2019BHLC005);山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目(2018-2021、SD2019YY010);山东省重大科技创新工程项目(2019JZZY020706);烟台市重点研发计划(2020MSGY059、2019XDHZ105)。

摘　　要：耐盐植物在海水养殖尾水处理和海水农业中具有重要作用。为了探究海马齿的耐盐能力和氮磷净化能力,本研究开展了海马齿盐度和氮磷处理的室内水培实验。盐度实验分别在盐度为0、10、20、30和35的霍格兰营养液中进行,氮磷实验分别在N:0(P:0.5)mg/L、N:1(P:0.1)mg/L、N:5(P:0.5)mg/L、N:20(P:2)mg/L和N:50(P:5)mg/L的人工海水中培养,周期为20 d。结果显示:1)在中、低盐度(0~20)条件下,海马齿对氮、磷的吸收效果明显,而在高盐度(30~35)条件下,其对氮磷的吸收作用明显弱于中低盐度组(P<0.05)。2)海马齿Na^(+)含量随盐度的升高而不断增加,而K^(+)含量则随着盐度的增加呈现下降的趋势;氮磷浓度对海马齿Na^(+)、K^(+)含量的影响不明显。3)在氮磷实验浓度范围内,海马齿都能正常生长并显示了较高的氮磷吸收能力,明显降低了水体中的氮磷浓度。表明海马齿有较强的耐盐能力,并能有效净化富营养化水体,可用于海水养殖尾水净化,改善养殖环境。Saline tolerant plant plays an important role in marine aquaculture wastewater treatment and seawater agriculture development.In order to explore the salt tolerance and nitrogen and phosphorus purification ability of S.portulacastrum,in this study,we carried out the indoor hydroponic experiments of S.portulacastrum salinity treatment and nitrogen and phosphorus concentration treatment.S.portulacastrum plants were grown in Hoagland nutrient solution at salinities of O,10,20,30 and 35,respectively,in salinity experiment,and were cultured in artificial seawater with N:0(P:0.5)mg/L,N:1(P:0.1)mg/L,N:5(P:0.5)mg/L,N:20(P:2)mg/L,N:50(P:5)mg/L,respectively.The treatment period was 20 days.We found that 1)the absorption effect of nitrogen and phosphorus was obvious under the condition of medium and low salinities(0~20)while the absorption effect was significantly weaker than that of the low-medium salinity groups under the condition of high salinities(30~35)(P<0.05);2)the Na^(+)content in S.portulacastrum tissues increased continuously with the increase of salinity while the K^(+)content showed a decreasing trend;and the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration on the content of Na^(+)and K^(+)was not obvious;3)under the conditions of all nitrogen and phosphorus treatments,S.portulacastrum grew normally and showed a high nitrogen and phosphorus removal ability,significantly reduced the nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the water.S.portulacastrum had a strong salt-tolerance ability and effectively alleviated the eutrophication,which can be used to purify the aquaculture wastewater and improve the aquaculture environment.

关 键 词：海马齿 盐度 氮磷 净化 钠、钾离子 

分 类 号：S949[农业科学—水产养殖]