海上浮式兆瓦级垂直轴风力机风轮结构布局研究  

Study on Structural Layout of Offshore Floating Megawatt-Scale Vertical Axis Wind Turbine Rotor

作　　者：陈宇康 刘占芳[1,2] 杨文英 张浩 程志龙 CHEN Yukang;LIU Zhanfang;YANG Wenying;ZHANG Hao;CHENG Zhilong(Chongqing University,College of Aerospace Engineering,Chongqing 400044,China;Chongqing University,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Heterogeneous Material Mechanics,Chongqing 400044,China;Shanghai Marine Equipment Research Institute,Shanghai 200031,China;CSSC Haizhuang Windpower Co.,Ltd.,Chongqing 401122,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学航空航天学院,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学非均质材料力学重庆市重点实验室,重庆400044 [3]上海船舶设备研究所,上海200031 [4]中船海装风电有限公司,重庆401122

出　　处：《船舶工程》2024年第1期30-39,共10页Ship Engineering

基　　金：国家海上风力发电工程技术研究中心开放基金项目(HSFD22003)。

摘　　要：针对兆瓦级海上浮式直叶片垂直轴风力机的风轮结构布局,提出采用基于响应面法的多目标结构优化设计方法对其风轮进行结构布局设计。通过分析风轮支撑臂在复杂环境和载荷作用条件下的力学性能,以准静态解为基础构建垂直轴风轮结构布局多目标优化参数化模型,采用Kriging响应面法求解设计变量与评价指标之间的响应面,明确设计变量的最优取值范围。以风轮整体质量最小化为优化目标,以风轮主要结构的最大等效应力和最大位移为约束条件,采用MOGA遗传算法对风轮结构布局尺寸进行优化设计,优化后风轮结构布局的最优样本方案在满足约束条件的同时,整体质量减轻6.8%,轮毂偏移量减少22.87%,塔筒高度降低33.78%,显著降低了垂直轴风力机整机的制造成本。同时,优化设计后风轮固有频率避开了风轮旋转的1倍转频(1P)和3倍转频(3P)范围,避免了结构共振。研究表明,基于响应面法的多目标优化设计方法在垂直轴风轮结构布局设计上是可靠的。A multi-objective structural optimization design method based on response surface method is proposed to design the wind turbine structure layout of MW floating vertical vane vertical axis wind turbine.By analyzing the mechanical performance of the wind turbine support arm under complex environmental and loading conditions,a quasi-static solution is used as the basis to construct a multi-objective optimization parameterized model for the layout of the vertical-axis wind turbine rotor structure.The Kriging response surface method is employed to solve the response surface between design variables and evaluation indicators,clearly defining the optimal range of design variable values.With the minimization of the overall rotor mass as the optimization objective and the maximum equivalent stress and maximum displacement of the main rotor structure as constraints,the MOGA genetic algorithm is utilized to optimize the dimensions of the rotor structure layout.The optimal sample scheme of the rotor structure layout after optimization reduces the overall mass by 6.8%,decreases hub offset by 22.87%,and lowers the tower height by 33.78%,significantly reducing the manufacturing cost of the entire vertical-axis wind turbine.Additionally,after optimization,the inherent frequency of the rotor structure avoids the 1P and 3P ranges of rotor rotation,preventing structural resonance.The results indicate that the multi-objective optimization design method based on the response surface method is reliable for the layout design of vertical-axis wind turbine structures.

关 键 词：垂直轴风力机 多目标优化 响应面法 结构布局设计 准静态解 

分 类 号：TK83[动力工程及工程热物理—流体机械及工程]