无静态泄漏共轨喷油器方案对比及结构优化  

Comparison and structural optimization of common rail injectors without static leakage

作　　者：胥奇 汪洋[1] 田智 董翔宇 王明博 甄旭东[2] XU Qi;WANG Yang;TIAN Zhi;DONG Xiangyu;WANG Mingbo;ZHEN Xudong(State Key Laboratory of Engines,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;School of Automobile and Transportation,Tianjin University of Technology and Education,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学先进内燃动力全国重点实验室,天津300072 [2]天津职业技术师范大学汽车与交通学院,天津300222

出　　处：《武汉大学学报（工学版）》2024年第5期673-682,共10页Engineering Journal of Wuhan University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51476113;51776135;51406135)。

摘　　要：通过仿真对比研究无静态泄漏喷油器方案与传统喷油器方案,并对前者进行结构参数优化。目的在于了解并优化其喷油规律,实现一定喷油持续期内更大的喷油量。利用一维仿真软件AMESim搭建传统喷油器和无静态泄漏喷油器模型,并进行仿真计算对比,相较之下无静态泄漏方案针阀开启时间更短、关闭时间更长。参数优化过程中发现随着控制柱塞直径减小,针阀开启时间及关闭时间均呈现缩短的趋势,同时也会减少控制柱塞下端高压燃油对控制柱塞的作用力,导致针阀开启时刻延后。存在最优值使得针阀在能打开的前提下针阀运动时间最短。通过对进回油节流孔、控制柱塞直径进行参数优化,总针阀运动时间缩短了34.88%,同时解决了无静态泄漏方案针阀落座缓慢的问题。The injector scheme without static leakage is compared with the traditional injector scheme,and the structural parameters of the former are optimized.The purpose is to understand and optimize its fuel injection law to achieve a larger injection volume during a certain sustained injection period.The one-dimensional simulation software AMESim is used to build the models of the two injector schemes,and the simulation and calculation results are compared.By comparison,the opening time of the needle valve in the scheme without static leakage is shorter and the closing time is longer.During the parameter optimization process,it is found that as the diameter of the control piston decreases,the opening time and closing time of the needle valve show a decreasing trend,but the force of high-pressure fuel at the lower end of the control plunger on the control piston will be reduced,resulting in the delay of the opening time of the needle valve.There is an optimal value to minimize the movement time of the needle valve under the premise that the needle valve can be opened.By optimizing the diameters of the inlet and outlet orifices and the control piston,the total needle valve movement time is shortened by 34.88%,and the problem of slow seating speed of the needle valve without static leakage is solved.

关 键 词：高压共轨喷油器 静态泄漏 AMESIM 

分 类 号：TK423[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]