云南省州(市)级疾控中心卫生应急能力现况调查及评估  

Survey and evaluation on health emergency response capacity of prefectural and municipal centers for disease control and prevention in Yunnan Province

作　　者：邬志薇[1] 贾豫晨 李宁 郑尔达 何继波[1] WU Zhiwei;JIA Yuchen;LI Ning;ZHENG Erda;HE Jibo(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yunnan Province,Kunming Yunnan 650022,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明650022

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2024年第6期78-83,共6页Soft Science of Health

摘　　要：[目的]了解云南省州(市)级疾控中心卫生应急能力现状,为下一步疾控中心卫生应急能力建设提供参考。[方法]采用自制问卷对云南省16个州(市)级疾控中心开展横断面调查,调查内容包括卫生应急工作组织建设、应急队伍建设和管理、突发事件现场处置情况等。使用Excel建立数据库,使用SPSS 25.0进行主成分分析计算卫生应急综合能力得分。[结果]云南省16个州(市)级疾控中心均组建了应急队伍,9个单位(56.3%)设立了独立应急办。应急队伍专业处置、后勤保障、综合管理岗位队员比例平均为17∶2∶1,现场流调箱、个人携行装备等主要装备全覆盖配置率为75.0%。应急队伍后勤保障装备主要依托云南省“双提升”工程配备。2020-2022年,各单位均组织过应急培训和演练,演练队员参与率76.3%、装备使用率50.2%;16个单位共派出5130人次对611起突发事件开展现场处置;抽查的173起突发公共卫生事件采样检测率86.6%、实验室判明率80.2%。各单位卫生应急综合能力得分区间为-1.4305分~5.6047分。[结论]云南省州(市)级疾控中心卫生应急能力正逐步发展,但地区间发展不平衡。云南省“双提升”工程很大程度提升了各单位应急装备水平,但州(市)级卫生应急队伍现有人员、装备和技术能力尚不满足实际工作需求。Objective To understand the status of health emergency response capacity of prefectural and municipal centers for disease control and prevention(CDC)in Yunnan Province,and to provide reasonable suggestions for the next capacity building for health emergency response of CDC.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 16 prefectural(municipal)centers for disease control and prevention in Yunnan Province with self-made questionnaires.Questionnaires covered the organization and construction of health emergency work,the construction and management of emergency teams,and on-site disposal of emergencies.Excel was used to establish the database,and SPSS 25.0 was used to calculate the score of comprehensive health emergency response ability by principal component analysis.Results 16 prefectural(municipal)CDC in Yunnan Province have set up health emergency teams,and nine CDC(56.3%)have set up independent offices of emergency response.The average proportion of emergency team members in professional handling,logistics support and comprehensive management was 17∶2∶1,and the coverage rate of major equipment such as field epidemiological investigation boxes and personal carrying equipment was 75.0%.Logistics equipment for emergency teams were mainly equipped according to the“two projects for capacity improvement”in Yunnan Province.From 2020 to 2022,all CDC have organized emergency training and exercises.The participation rate of emergency drills was 76.3%,and the utilization rate of equipment was 50.2%.16 CDC sent a total of 5130 personnel to handle 611 emergencies.The sampling and detection rate of 173 public health emergencies was 86.6%,and the laboratory identification rate was 80.2%.The score range of comprehensive health emergency response ability of CDC was between-1.4305 and 5.6047.Conclusions The health emergency response capacity of prefectural and municipal CDC in Yunnan is gradually developing,but the development is unbalanced among regions.The“two projects for capacity improvement”in Yunnan has gre

关 键 词：卫生应急 应急能力 疾病预防控制中心 调查 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]