政社力量帮扶事实无人抚养儿童家庭的联动机制研究——以上海市为例  

On the Joint Mechanism of Political and Social Forces Supporting the Family with De Facto Unsupported Children:A Case Study of Shanghai

作　　者：何姗姗[1,2] 陈艺华 张姝淼 He Shanshan;Chen Yihua;Zhang Shumiao

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学社会发展学院,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学上海市“中国特色的转型社会学研究”社会科学创新研究基地,上海200241 [3]上海市儿童临时看护中心,上海200052

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2024年第3期125-137,178,179,共15页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“我国农村儿童的虐待风险及县域为本的协同治理体系研究”(项目编号:23BSH129);国家留学基金委公派留学资助项目(项目编号:202206140110)。

摘　　要：现代家庭的儿童保护功能趋向弱化甚至缺失,本研究关注地方政府和社会力量在为事实无人抚养儿童家庭提供福利服务方面如何开展联动工作并优化协同路径,通过分析相关政策文件,并在政策实施地开展参与观察、半结构访谈和焦点小组访谈总结地方帮扶经验,借助生态位理论视角对事实无人抚养儿童家庭关爱服务生态系统进行全面梳理。研究发现,不同层级的政府部门、群团组织和社会组织三大福利供给主体分别构成了三条生态链主线,通过“政社合作”和“群社协同”两条上行和下行联动路径吸纳各类社会资源并转化为社会服务。其中,专业社会组织处于关键生态位,是各类联动工作的中枢核心;发现报告是联动工作的关键环节,但仍需进一步优化协作机制。未来应强化专业社会组织的培育与发展,实施家庭增权服务,管控伦理风险,推进社会力量的有序联动和社会资源的广泛吸纳,并完善相关儿童福利政策监督反馈机制,以增进事实无人抚养儿童家庭的福祉。As the child protection function of modern families tends to weaken or even disappear,this paper focuses on how local government and social forces can carry out joint service and optimize the path of future synergy in the provision of welfare for the families with de facto unsupported children.Through the analysis of relevant policy documents,participation observation,semi-structured interviews and focus group interviews in the implementation of the policy to sum up the local assistance experience,the ecological system of care services for the families with de facto unsupported children is comprehensively sorted out from the perspective of ecological niche theory.This shows that the three main welfare supplying bodies,namely,government departments,group organizations,and social organizations,constitute the three main lines of the ecological chain,absorbing all kinds of social resources and transforming them into social services through two upward and downward linkage paths,namely,“cooperation between the government and society”and“synergy between the government and society”.Among them,professional social organizations are in the key ecological position,being the central core of various kinds of linkage work.Reporting is a core part of the linkage work,but further optimization of the collaboration mechanism is still needed.In the future,it will be necessary to strengthen the cultivation and development of professional social organizations,implement family empowerment services,manage ethical risks,promote the orderly linkage of social forces and the extensive incorporation of social resources,and improve the relevant child welfare policies and assessment mechanisms,so that we can enhance the well-being of the families with de facto unsupported children.

关 键 词：政社力量 事实无人抚养儿童 家庭关爱帮扶 联动机制 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]