网约车实时订单在线选择策略设计与竞争分析  

Design and Competitive Analysis of Online Selection Strategy for Real-time Orders of Car-hailing Drivers

作　　者：武小平[1] 兰梦月 WU Xiaoping;LAN Mengyue(Modern Postal College,Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications,Xi’an 710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安邮电大学现代邮政学院,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《运筹与管理》2024年第4期153-158,共6页Operations Research and Management Science

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金项目(2019JM-369)。

摘　　要：针对现实中网约车司机追求自身利益最大化而产生的频繁“拒单”现象,为优化乘客满意度、网约车平台调度效率和司机个人收益,提出派单模式下网约车司机实时订单决策问题,并采用在线策略设计与竞争分析展开研究。本文讨论了订单行驶距离小于返空距离的情形,即订单不收取车辆返空费。研究了一般网络上网约车实时在线调度的竞争比下界,并设计了最优调度策略——阈值策略(PT策略),分析了策略的竞争性能。最后,通过算例分析证明,PT策略能有效帮助网约车司机提高工作期间实时订单的总收益,从而降低司机“拒单”行为,在实际生活中具有很强的实用性,对网约车司机、网约车平台和政府具有一定管理启示。With the rapid development of Internet technology,the online car-hailing industry is also growing,gradually becoming the primary choice for urban residents to travel.However,with the gradual expansion of the scale of online car-hailing,online car-hailing platforms need to effectively match a large number of random orders,and it is difficult for the current scheme to meet the requirements for effective order scheduling.In reality,in order to pursue higher order profits,the phenomenon of“rejecting orders”emerges constantly,which reduces the satisfaction of passengers and the efficiency of vehicle scheduling.In order to improve the response rate of online car-hailing orders and optimize the vehicle scheduling scheme of online car-hailing platforms,this paper uses online algorithms and competition analysis methods to design online strategies to optimize the order decision-making of online car-hailing drivers and improve the income of drivers.Most online car-hailing platforms in the market now have two basic order matching systems:Assigning Mode and Grabbing Mode,and the corresponding order services are Real-time Order Service and Reservation Order Service.According to the billing rules of the car-hailing companies,when the travel distance of the order exceeds a certain distance,an additional unit price will be charged according to the original billing rules according to the excess distance.This distance is named as the Empty Drive Distance,and the charge is called the Empty Drive Fee.This paper discusses the situation where drivers receive real-time orders under assigning mode,and the driving distance of the order is less than the empty drive distance,that is,no empty drive fee will be charged.For drivers,whether they use assigning mode or grabbing mode for order service,only when the online car-hailing platform transmits the passenger order information to the driver and will they know the corresponding service information:the service time of the order,the starting place and destination,the driving distance of or

关 键 词：网约车调度 实时订单选择 在线问题 竞争比 

分 类 号：F630[经济管理—产业经济]