玉米机械化收获技术现状分析及发展趋势  

Current Situation Analysis and Development Trend of Maize Mechanized Harvesting Technology

作　　者：辛尚龙 赵武云 曲浩 杨天 史瑞杰 闫治斌 马海军 Xin Shanglong;Zhao Wuyun;Qu Hao;Yang Tian;Shi Ruijie;Yan Zhibin;Ma Haijun(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Dunhuang Seed Group Co.Ltd.,Jiuquan 735000,China;Gansu Tao River Tractor Manufacturing Co.Ltd.,Dingxi 730500,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学机电工程学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省敦煌种业集团股份有限公司,甘肃酒泉735000 [3]甘肃洮河拖拉机制造有限公司,甘肃定西730500

出　　处：《农机化研究》2024年第10期9-14,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：甘肃省科技重大专项(21ZD10NF003);甘肃农业大学科研启动项目(GAU-KYQD-2020-15)。

摘　　要：玉米机械化收获对我国玉米生产综合经济效益和国际竞争力的提高具有重要意义,是目前我国玉米全程机械化的重点研究内容。当前,我国玉米机械化摘穗过程还存在割台果穗啃伤及籽粒损失等问题,影响玉米收获由机械化摘穗向籽粒直收的转变。为此,从玉米收获的机械化摘穗技术入手,分析了国内外相关玉米收获技术的研究进展与应用现状,提出了基于不同种植模式下因地制宜开展机具适应性研究和减损摘穗技术攻关与应用的发展思路。Maize mechanized harvesting technology is an important means to promote the cost saving and efficiency increase of maize industry and improve the comprehensive economic benefits and international competitiveness of China's maize production.It is also the key research content of the whole process mechanization of maize.At present,there are still some problems in the process of mechanized ear picking of Maize in China,such as ear gnawing and grain loss,which affect the transformation of maize harvest from mechanized ear picking to direct grain harvest.Starting with the mechanized ear picking technology of corn harvest,this paper analyzes the research progress and application status of relevant corn harvesting technology at home and abroad,and puts forward the development ideas of carrying out the research on the adaptability of machines and tools and reducing the key problems and application of ear picking technology based on different planting modes.

关 键 词：玉米果穗 收获 机械化 

分 类 号：S233.73[农业科学—农业机械化工程]