激光功率对PLC控制的SLM成形SiC增强铝基复合材料组织与性能的影响  

Effect of Laser Power on the Microstructure and Properties of SiC Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites Formed by SLM Based on PLC Control

作　　者：张大俊 宋黎明 李恒[2] 邢峰 ZHANG Dajun;SONG Liming;LI Heng;XING Feng(Zhengzhou Professional Technical Institute of Electronics and Information,Zhengzhou 451450,China;Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州电子信息职业技术学院,郑州451450 [2]郑州大学,郑州450001

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2024年第6期92-99,共8页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(212102210530)。

摘　　要：目的提升激光选区熔化成形(SLM)SiC增强铝基复合材料的力学性能。方法以球形纳米SiC和类球形AlSi10Mg粉末为原料,采用球磨工艺和基于PLC控制的SLM技术制备了SiC增强铝基复合材料(SiC/AlSi10Mg),考察了激光功率对复合材料物相、显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果复合粉末和激光功率为120~240 W的复合材料都主要含Al相和Si相;随着激光功率的增大,Al相择优结晶取向由(111)晶面转变到(200)晶面,在较高激光功率下,SLM成形试样中SiC熔化并与基体材料发生反应形成了Al4SiC4、Al4C3碳化物。在不同激光功率的SLM成形复合材料中都可见暗黑色α-Al基体和灰白色Al-Si共晶;随着激光功率增至210 W,Al-Si共晶组织逐渐碎片化并演变为网状,平均晶粒尺寸和小角度晶界体积分数逐渐增大。当激光功率从150 W增至240 W时,复合材料的纳米硬度和弹性模量先增后减,压缩强度逐渐减小,抗拉强度逐渐增大、断后伸长率先减后增而后又减小。结论当激光功率为210 W时,SiC增强铝基复合材料具有良好的综合力学性能,这主要与组织均匀化、晶粒细化以及碳化物/基体界面结合改善等有关。The work aims to improve the mechanical properties of SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composites formed by laser selective melting(SLM).SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composites(SiC/AlSi10Mg)were prepared with spherical nano SiC and spherical AlSi10Mg powders as raw materials,by ball milling technology and SLM technology based on PLC control,and the effects of laser power on the phase,microstructure,and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated.Both the composite powder and the composite material with laser power ranging from 120 W to 240 W mainly contained Al and Si phases.As the laser power increased,the preferred crystal orientation of Al phase changed from(111)crystal plane to(200)crystal plane.At higher laser power,SiC melted and reacted with the matrix material to form Al4SiC4 and Al4C3 carbides in SLM formed specimens.Dark blackα-Al matrix and gray white Al-Si eutecticis were visible in SLM formed composite materials un-der different laser power.As the laser power increased to 210 W,the Al-Si eutectic structure gradually fragmented and evolved into a network,with an average grain size and small angle grain boundary volume fraction gradually increasing.When the laser power increased from 150 W to 240 W,the nano hardness and Young's modulus of the composite material firstly increased and then decreased,while the compressive strength gradually decreased,the tensile strength gradually increased,and the elongation showed a trend of firstly decreasing,then increasing and finally decreasing.At a laser power of 210 W,SiC reinforced aluminum matrix composites have good comprehensive mechanical properties,which are mainly related to microstructure homogenization,grain refinement,and improved carbide/matrix interface bonding.

关 键 词：球形纳米SiC AlSi10Mg 激光选区熔化成形 显微组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG665[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TB333[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]