玄武岩纤维-橡胶混凝土性能研究  

Properties of Basalt Fiber-Rubber Concrete

作　　者：刘涛 吕军 邓旭艳 王绍明 于本田[3] LIU Tao;LYU Jun;DENG Xuyan;WANG Shaoming;YU Bentian(Power China Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited,Guiyang 550081,China;Power Cnstuction Corporation of China Southwest Headquarters,Chengdu 610036,China;School of Civil Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司,贵阳550081 [2]中国电力建设集团有限公司西南指挥部,成都610036 [3]兰州交通大学土木工程学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《硅酸盐通报》2024年第5期1906-1916,共11页Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society

基　　金：中国电力建设股份有限公司科技项目(XNZ/2020/KK-1-2);中央引导地方科技发展资金(22ZY1QA005);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2022BEG02056);甘肃省自然基金项目(22JR5RA333)。

摘　　要：为解决高原机场道面混凝土易收缩开裂和冻融破坏问题,对不同玄武岩纤维和橡胶颗粒掺量混凝土开展了力学性能、早期收缩性及抗冻性能的研究,采用核磁共振和扫描电子显微镜阐释了玄武岩纤维与橡胶颗粒的作用机理,并建立了考虑玄武岩纤维和橡胶颗粒掺量的混凝土早期收缩模型。试验结果表明:同基准混凝土相比,掺0.3%(体积分数,下同)玄武岩纤维与10%(砂的体积取代率,下同)橡胶颗粒混凝土的7和28 d抗折强度分别提高了13.6%、11.8%,7、28 d抗压强度分别提高了26.7%、18.1%,72 h收缩率降低了54.7%,300次冻融循环后质量损失率降低了67.0%,动弹性模量损失率降低了10.4%;玄武岩纤维可抑制混凝土基体微裂缝的萌生扩展,承受部分收缩应力。而弹性体橡胶颗粒的填充、蓄水与引气作用可优化基体孔结构,延缓水分蒸发速率,缓解冻胀压力,使混凝土力学性能和抗冻性提高,早期收缩降低;建立的收缩模型能较好地反映玄武岩纤维-橡胶混凝土早期收缩变化特征。In order to solve the problems of easy shrinkage cracking and freeze-thaw failure of concrete on the pavement of plateau airport,the mechanical properties,early shrinkage and frost resistance of concrete with different volumes of basalt fibers and different substitution rates rubber powder were studied.The mechanism of action of basalt fibers and rubber powder was explained by nuclear magnetic resonance and scanning electron microscopy,and an early shrinkage model of concrete considering the content of basalt fibers and rubber particles was established.The results show that compared with the baseline concrete,the 7 and 28 d flexural strength of the concrete with 0.3%(volume fraction,the same below)basalt fibers and 10%(volume substitution rate of sand,the same below)rubber particles increases by 13.6%and 11.8%,the 7 and 28 d compressive strength increases by 26.7%and 18.1%,the shrinkage rate reduces by 54.7%in 72 h.The mass loss rate reduces by 67.0%,and the loss rate of dynamic elastic modulus reduces by 10.4%after 300 freeze-thaw cycles.Basalt fibers can inhibit the expansion of microcracks in the concrete matrix,bear part of the shrinkage stress.The effects of filling,water storage and air entrainment of elastomer rubber particles optimize the pore structure of the matrix,delay the evaporation of water,relieve the frost heave pressure,improve the mechanical properties and frost resistance,and decrease the early shrinkage of concrete.The established shrinkage model can better reflect the early shrinkage characteristics of basalt fiber-rubber concrete.

关 键 词：机场道面混凝土 玄武岩纤维 橡胶颗粒 早期收缩 抗冻性 

分 类 号：TU528[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]