网式过滤器水头损失动态变化规律  

Dynamic variation law of the head loss of mesh filter

作　　者：郑长娟 朱德兰[1,2] 高洒洒 张锐 赵泽晋 李路明 KHUDAYBERDI Nazarov 柳昌新 ZHENG Changjuan;ZHU Delan;GAO Sasa;ZHANG Rui;ZHAO Zejin;LI Luming;KHUDAYBERDI Nazarov;LIU Changxin(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas,Ministry of Education,Northeast A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Quwo County Water Conservancy Bureau of Shanxi Province,Quwo 043400,China;College of Hydraulic and Civil Enginering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830000,China;College of Agrobiology,Tashkent State Agrarian University,Tashkent 100140,Uzbekistan)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室,杨凌712100 [3]山西省曲沃县水利局,曲沃043400 [4]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830000 [5]塔什干国立农业大学农业生物学学院,塔什干100140,乌兹别克斯坦

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2024年第8期62-70,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1900400-4,2021YFE0103000);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2022BBF02026)。

摘　　要：网式过滤器是微灌系统的关键部件之一,对过滤杂质,减缓滴头堵塞起到重要作用,但过滤器水头损失往往随拦截杂质的增多而增大,导致滤网破损或系统被迫停机。为明晰过滤器水头损失变化规律,该研究采用文献数据归纳分析和试验相结合的方法,对7种网式过滤器水头损失数据开展聚类分析;以Y型网式过滤器为例,测试不同流量、泥沙浓度和沙粒级配对过滤器水头损失的影响,以减少水头损失激增、提高拦沙效果为主要目标开展综合评价,优选过滤器适宜的运行工况。结果表明:1)不同类型网式过滤器水头损失随时间变化可分为平稳增加阶段和突然增加阶段,突然增加阶段的水头损失增长速率更大,堵塞均匀度均大于1。2)相同流量和浓度下,以>100~125μm泥沙为主的Ⅲ级配和以>125~150μm泥沙为主Ⅳ级配含沙水较以>54~75μm泥沙为主Ⅰ级配和以>100~125μm泥沙为主Ⅱ级配含沙水更容易产生水头损失激增。相同流量下,高浓度工况更容易出现水头损失激增;相同浓度下,流量为3.5 m^(3)/h时最容易使过滤器水头损失激增。3)CRITIC-TOPSIS综合评价结果表明排名前3的分别是流量2.5 m^(3)/h、泥沙浓度60 mg/L工况下Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅱ级配含沙水,综合得分指数分别为0.726、0.712和0.711;低泥沙浓度、大颗粒级配和高泥沙浓度、小颗粒级配在流量2.5 m^(3)/h时综合性能好,高泥沙浓度、大颗粒级配在流量4.5 m^(3)/h综合性能好,低泥沙浓度、小颗粒级配在3种流量下综合性能差异不大。研究可为减少过滤器水头损失和增加运行时长提供参考。A mesh filter is one of the key components of micro-irrigation systems,which plays an important role in filtering impurities and slowing down dripper blocking.The filter head loss tends to increase with the increase of intercepted impurities,resulting in screen breakage or forcing system shutdown.This study adopted the method of inductive analysis of literature data to carry out K-means cluster analysis on the head loss data of vertical,composite,horizontal,torpedo,flap,Y-type and handcranked cleaning of 7 types of mesh filters at different stages,and summarized the trend of dynamic change of head loss.Then,in order to clarify the reasons for the surge in head loss for the Y-mesh filter,the study designed three types of flow rates of 2.5,3.5,and 4.5 m^(3)/h,three sediment concentrations of 60,80,and 100 mg/L and four grades of sand-containing water mainly of>54-75(GradeⅠ),>75-100(GradeⅡ),>100-125(GradeⅢ),and>125-150μm(GradeⅣ)respectively,and carried out a full-scale experiment to test the effects of different flow rates,sediment concentrations,and sand grades on the head loss of the filter.With the main objectives of reducing the head loss surge and improving the sand stopping effect,a CRITIC-TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation was carried out with the evaluation indexes of increase rate of head loss during steady increase stage,increase rate of head loss during sudden increase stage,clogging uniformity,total operation time,total head loss and desanding rate to optimize the suitable operating conditions of the Y-filter.The results showed:1)The change in different types of mesh filters head loss over time was divided into a steady increase stage and a sudden increase stage,the sudden increase in the stage of the head loss had larger growth rate and shorter operation time;The ratio of the duration of both stages was greater than 0.5,and the filter clogging uniformity was greater than 1.2)Under the same flow rate and concentration,gradeⅢand gradeⅣwere more likely to produce head loss surge than gradeⅠand

关 键 词：流量 滴头 泥沙 网式过滤器 水头损失 激增 文献分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]