水稻立枯病的发生与防治技术研究进展  

Research Progress on the Disease Regulation and Control Techniques of Rice Seedling Blight

作　　者：康美花[1] 王希 肖苏军 况虹敏 王丽红 阴长发 陈洪凡 杨迎青[1] 兰波[1] KANG Mei-hua;WANG Xi;XIAO Su-jun(Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330200;Jiangxi Agricultural and Rural Industry Development Service Center,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330006;People’s Government of Jiantou Town,Wan’an,Jiangxi 343800)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院植物保护研究所,江西南昌330200 [2]江西省农业农村产业发展服务中心,江西南昌330006 [3]万安县枧头镇人民政府,江西万安343800 [4]上高县农业农村局,江西上高336400 [5]江西省广丰区农业农村局产业发展服务中心,江西上饶334600

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第11期1-4,10,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460456);江西省主要学科和技术带头人领军人才项目(20213BCJL22046);江西省自然科学基金重点项目(20202ACBL205006);江西省技术创新引导类项目(20192AEI91009);江西省农业科学院基础研究与人才培养专项(JXSNKYJCRC202204)。

摘　　要：水稻是世界主要粮食作物之一。随着水稻旱育技术的推广,秧苗立枯病的发生十分严重,立枯病已经成为水稻秧田高发的毁灭性病害,大大阻碍了我国水稻产业的发展,进而对我国的粮食安全造成严重威胁。明确其发生规律和综合防治技术对有效控制水稻立枯病的发生进而保障我国粮食安全生产具有重要意义。介绍了水稻立枯病的主要致病菌、发病症状和发生规律,从病原菌的积累、低温条件、土壤水分状况和空气相对湿度、秧苗质量及苗床管理等方面阐述了水稻立枯病的发生因素,从控制播种密度、培育壮苗、加强田间管理等方面介绍了水稻立枯病的农业防治措施,从种子处理、苗床消毒、化学防治等方面介绍了主要药剂防治措施。认为对水稻立枯病的防治,应在以合理选用品种、控制育秧、科学管理等农业防治措施的基础上,适时采取种子处理、苗床消毒、农药喷施等药剂防治措施的综合防治模式,有效控制病害的发展,保障我国水稻安全生产。Rice is one of the main food crops in the world.With the popularization of dry-raising technology of rice,the occurrence of rice seedling blight is very serious.Rice seedling blight has become a destructive disease with high incidence in rice seedling field,which greatly hinders the development of rice industry in our country and poses a serious threat to the food security of our country.It is very important to understand its occurrence regularity and integrated control technology for effectively controlling rice damping-off and ensuring our country’s grain safety production.This paper introduced the main pathogen,symptom and occurrence regularity of rice seedling blight.The occurrence factors of rice seedling blight were expounded from the aspects of pathogen accumulation,low temperature,soil moisture,air relative humidity,seedling quality and management of seedling bed.The agricultural control measures of rice seedling blight were introduced from the aspects of controlling sowing density,cultivating strong seedlings and strengthening field management.The main chemical control measures were introduced from seed treatment,seedling bed disinfection and chemical control.It is suggested that the control of rice seedling blight should be based on agricultural control measures,including rational selection of rice varieties,control of seedling raising and scientific management,and the chemical control methods,including seed treatment,seedling bed disinfection and pesticide spraying.The comprehensive prevention and control techniques should based on agricultural control and chemical control to prevent the development of rice diseases and ensure the safety of rice production in our country.

关 键 词：水稻立枯病 发病症状 流行规律 防治技术 

分 类 号：S435.111.46[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]