特色蔬菜芦笋产业发展现状与趋势研究  

Research on the Development Status and Trends of the Asparagus Industry as a Special Vegetable

作　　者：李丹[1] 孙芳 刘晓霞 李灯华 杨准 LI Dan;SUN Fang;LIU Xiao-xia(Hunan Institute of Agricultural Information and Engineering,Changsha,Hunan 410125;Agriculture and Rural Bureau of Changde City,Changde,Hunan 415000;Farmers’Education Office of Changde City,Changde,Hunan 415000)

机构地区：[1]湖南省农业信息与工程研究所,湖南长沙410125 [2]常德市农业农村局,湖南常德415000 [3]常德市农民教育办公室,湖南常德415000 [4]农业农村部农业监测预警技术重点实验室,北京100081 [5]湖南省农业农村厅乡村建设处,湖南长沙410005

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第11期225-228,234,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业农村部农业监测预警技术重点实验室开放基金课题(JCYJKFKT2206);湖南省财政厅农业专项(〔2022〕45号)。

摘　　要：[目的]调研中国特色蔬菜芦笋产业现状与趋势,从芦笋的生产与消费、设施栽培、精深加工以及芦笋国际贸易面临的机遇和挑战等方面提出发展建议,为促进中国芦笋产业可持续发展提供参考依据。[方法]根据FAO(中国内地)的芦笋生产数据和中国海关(全部贸易)的芦笋贸易数据,对中国芦笋的生产、消费态势及进出口贸易现状进行了分析。[结果]中国芦笋的面积和产量都位居世界第1,在全球占据绝对优势地位。近10年,中国芦笋面积和产量的增速比较缓慢,而单产增长幅度非常低,科技含量不高,有进一步提升的空间。2021年中国芦笋表观消费量为734.10万t,远远超过其他国家,人均表观消费量为5.15 kg/人,仅次于秘鲁(6.80 kg/人),超过了发达国家的消费水平。随着当代生活水平的提高和消费水平的提档升级,芦笋产品的消费结构和消费模式呈现多元化趋势。中国鲜或冷藏芦笋主要销往临近地区和亚洲发达国家,2021年对中国澳门和日本的出口量均突破100 t,对日本的出口额突破37万美元,出口创汇非常显著,而进口规模相对较小。近10年中国芦笋罐头出口量保持平稳,出口额显著下跌,出口单价保持较高水平,进口规模极小,芦笋罐头主要销往西班牙、荷兰、德国等欧盟市场。[结论]应认清芦笋消费模式的新特点,推进设施栽培,确保效益稳增,优化产业结构,三产融合发展,进一步实施芦笋贸易多元化战略,促进中国芦笋产业可持续发展。[Objective]To provide theoretical basis for promoting the sustainable development of China’s asparagus industry,the current situation and trends of Chinese special vegetable asparagus industry were investigated and analyzed,some development suggestions were put forward from the aspects of production and consumption,facility cultivation,deep processing,and opportunities and challenges faced by international trade of asparagus.[Method]According to the asparagus production data of FAO(China,mainland)and the asparagus trade data of China Customs(all trade),the article studies the production,consumption trend and import and export trade status of Chinese asparagus.[Result]The area and output of Chinese asparagus rank first in the world and occupy absolute advantage in the world.In the past decade,the growth rate of Chinese asparagus area and yield has been relatively slow,while the growth rate of unit yield is very low,the technological content is not high,which has room for further improvement.The apparent consumption of Chinese asparagus is 7.341 million tons in 2021,far surpassing other countries,The per capita apparent consumption is 5.15 kg/person,next only to Peru(6.80 kg/person),exceeding the consumption level of developed countries.With the improvement of contemporary living standards and the upgrading of consumption levels,the consumption structure and mode of asparagus products are showing a diversified trend.Chinese fresh or refrigerated asparagus is mainly sold to neighboring areas and developed countries in Asia.In 2021,the export volume of asparagus to Macao, China and Japan both exceeded 100 tons,and the export value to Japan exceeded 370000 US dollars,export earnings are very significant,and the import scale is relatively small.The export volume of canned asparagus in China has remained stable in the past 10 years,the export value has significantly decreased,the export unit price has remained at a high level,and the import scale is very small.Canned asparagus is mainly sold to EU markets such as Spai

关 键 词：芦笋产业 特色蔬菜 趋势 发展现状 

分 类 号：S-9[农业科学]