六斑月瓢虫捕食胁迫对瓜蚜适合度的影响  

Non-consumptive effects of Cheilomenes sexmaculata on the fitness of Aphis gossypii

作　　者：林幸明 李金花 LIN Xingming;LI Jinhua(Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests,Ministry of Education/School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院/热带农林生物灾害绿色防控教育部重点实验室,海口570228

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2024年第3期343-348,共6页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32260699);海南省自然科学基金青年基金(321QN179);海南大学科研启动基金(KYQD-ZR-1962)。

摘　　要：天敌昆虫是重要的生物防治因子。天敌昆虫不仅可以直接捕食控制害虫数量,还能通过胁迫作用改变害虫的生长发育和繁殖,间接影响害虫的适合度。冬季瓜菜是海南热带高效农业的重要组成,瓜蚜(Aphis gossypii)是为害黄瓜等瓜类作物的重要害虫。为综合评价天敌对瓜蚜的种群调节作用,采用生命表法,研究了本地捕食性天敌六斑月瓢虫(Cheilomenes sexmaculata)对瓜蚜的胁迫效应,结果表明,不同胁迫时长对瓜蚜产生的效应不同,经历较长时间(24 h)胁迫的瓜蚜,其子代寿命显著缩短,产蚜历期、产蚜量和净增值率也显著降低。研究结果还表明,六斑月瓢虫胁迫显著改变瓜蚜的生长发育与繁殖等生命参数,影响蚜虫适合度。研究结果将有助于更全面地评价瓢虫对蚜虫种群的调节作用,并为瓜蚜(尤其抗性蚜虫)的绿色防控提供新的思路。Natural enemy insects are important biological factors in pest control,which can not only decrease population of pests through direct predation,but also change the growth,development and reproduction of pests through non-consumptive effects,indirectly affecting the fitness of pests.Winter melons and vegetables are important crops for high-efficient development of tropical agriculture in Hainan,and an aphid,Aphis gossypii,was considered as an important pest causing great damage to cucumbers and other melons crops.For comprehensive assessment of the impact of natural enemies on aphid populations,the life table method was utilized to investigate the non-consumptive effects of a local predatory natural enemy,Cheilomenes sexmaculata,on aphids,A.gossypii.The results revealed that the non-consumptive effect of C.sexmaculata on A.gossypii varied depending on the duration of treatment.After a 24-hour treatment,the aphid offspring showed a significant decrease in the longevity,reproduction duration,total reproduction,and R0.The research findings indicate that the non-consumptive effects of C.sexmaculata significantly altered the growth,development,reproduction,and other population life table parameters of the aphids.The findings will contribute to a more thorough assessment of ladybeetles’capacity to regulate aphid populations,thus offering novel approaches for ecologically-friendly aphid management(especially resistant aphids).

关 键 词：六斑月瓢虫 瓜蚜 捕食胁迫 适合度 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]