航天飞行器防热层与天线窗口热匹配行为研究  

Study on Thermal Matching Behavior Between Thermal Protective Layer and Antenna Window of Space Vehicle

作　　者：严旭 姚重阳[1] 许俊伟[1] 唐念华[1] 刘冬[1] YAN Xu;YAO Chongyang;XU Junwei;TANG Nianhua;LIU Dong(China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京100076

出　　处：《宇航总体技术》2024年第3期50-56,共7页Astronautical Systems Engineering Technology

摘　　要：针对防热层与天线盖板的热匹配及烧蚀匹配开展研究,通过有限元方法,分析了尺寸效应对于天线盖板热匹配的影响,同时结合电弧风洞实验验证了防热层与天线盖板在高温下的烧蚀匹配行为。研究结果表明,按照实验件尺寸20 mm×20 mm,在实验环境条件下,防热层最大热应力为2.98 MPa,小于低密度石英酚醛复合材料在高温下的拉伸强度,不存在热匹配风险。当天线盖板尺寸大于60 mm时,防热层局部接触应力约为5.3 MPa,大于防热层在高温下的抗拉强度,天线盖板与周边防热层保证0.3 mm安装间隙,天线盖板在高温下的最大膨胀量为0.03~0.04 mm,远小于间隙值,因此不存在热匹配风险。天线盖板在与防热层烧蚀过程中,由于耐温较高,在高温下基本无烧蚀,低密度石英酚醛防热层烧蚀量约为1.1 mm,因此在后续防热设计中可在天线盖板前缘处预留台阶,以减小高温下的烧蚀不匹配风险。In this paper,the heat matching and ablative matching of thermal protective layer and antenna cover plate were studied.The influence of size effect on heat matching of antenna window and thermal protective layer were analyzed by finite element method,and the ablation matching behavior was verified by conversion electric drive air running test.The results show that:the 20 mm×20 mm test pieces even without installation clearance the maximum thermal stress of the thermal insulation layer is about 2.98 MPa,which is less than the tensile strength of the low density quartz phenolic acid composite material at high temperature,thus there is no heat matching risk.When the size of antenna is larger than 60 mm,the local thermal stress of anti-thermal expansion is about 5.3 MPa,which is larger than the tensile strength of thermal protective layer,and there is a risk of local swelling and cracking of anti-thermal layer.However,in the actual installation process,an installation clearance of 0.3 mm is reserved between the antenna cover plate and the thermal protective layer,the maximum expansion of antenna cover plate at high temperature is only 0.03~0.04 mm,is less than the gap value,so there is no heat matching risk.Due to its high temperature resistance,the antenna cover plate basically has no ablation at high temperature,and the thermal protective layerr ablation is about 1.1 mm,therefore,steps can be reserved at leading edge of the antenna cover plate in the subsequent design to reduce the risk of ablation matching under high temperature.

关 键 词：天线盖板 热匹配 有限元分析 

分 类 号：V460[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]