热带中西太平洋大眼金枪鱼的繁殖生物学特性  

Reproductive biology of bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus)in the tropical western and central Pacific Ocean

作　　者：张健[1,2,3,4] 刘文俊 王佚兮 王啸 石建高[6] 叶旭昌[1,2,3,4] ZHANG Jian;LIU Wenjun;WANG Yixi;WANG Xiao;SHI Jiangao;YE Xuchang(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Engineering Research Centre for Oceanic Fisheries,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Kai Chuang Deep Sea Fisheries Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200082,China;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学,农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室,上海201306 [5]上海开创远洋渔业有限公司,上海200082 [6]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090

出　　处：《水产学报》2024年第6期62-73,共12页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31001138);国家重点研发计划(2020YFD0900803)。

摘　　要：利用漂流金枪鱼延绳钓作业方式,于2018年5月—2019年3月对热带中西太平洋海域(WCPO,2°03′~11°17′S,163°14′~173°35′E)的大眼金枪鱼进行了取样,对其中886尾进行了繁殖生物学测定。使用广义线性模型(GLM)和多元有序Logistic回归模型,结合圆形统计方法,分析个体叉长等生物因素、渔获水深和月度等时空因素对繁殖生物学参数的影响。结果显示,雄性和雌性平均叉长分别为(132.2±19.1)cm和(125.4±16.8)cm。取样群体中,雌雄比为0.54±0.74,且叉长与雌雄比具有负相关(r=−0.263,P=0.016),叉长大于140 cm后,雄性占主导。GLM模型结果显示,性腺指数(GSI)与叉长之间存在显著的二次方关系,即个体GSI随着叉长增加,当雄性和雌性叉长分别达到130~140 cm和140~150 cm后,GSI随叉长下降。基于圆形统计发现,月度对个体GSI具有显著影响,其中雄性GSI上半年较下半年高(正弦显著,P<0.001),而雌性GSI年末和年初高于年中(余弦显著,P=0.021)。有序多元Logistic模型结果显示,性腺成熟度随叉长显著增加(P<0.001),雄性性腺成熟度在5—7月较高(余弦显著,P=0.004)。此外,栖息水层对雄性个体的性腺成熟度具有显著的影响(正相关,P<0.001)。雄性和雌性个体50%性成熟叉长分别为(96.13±1.24)cm和(104.93±2.60)cm。研究结果可为更好地了解热带WCPO大眼金枪鱼的繁殖生物学特征、科学养护热带WCPO大眼金枪鱼资源提供参考。Understanding the reproductive biology of bigeye tuna(Thunnus obesus)and quantifying size-specific parameters provides the means for accurately predicting the effects of fishing on the reproductive potential of stock and the basis for improving the assessment and management of bigeye tuna stocks.In this paper,a total number of 886 T.obesus were sampled by pelagic longline fishing in the tropical western and central Pacific Ocean(WCPO,2°3'-11°17'S,163°14'-173°35'E)from May 2018 to March 2019 and then their reproductive biology was investigated.The effect of biological factors,such as individual fork length,and temporal and spatial factors,such as fishing depth and month,on the reproductive traits of T.obesus was assessed by a generalized linear model(GLM)and polytomous logistic regression for the ordinal response model,combined with the circular statistics method.The results showed that the mean fork lengths of male and female T.obesus were(132.2±19.1)cm and(125.4±16.8)cm,respectively.The sex ratio(female:male)of sampled T.obesus was(0.54±0.74),and a significant negative correlation between fork length and sex ratio was detected(r=−0.263 P=0.016).Males would dominate the sample group when the fork length is greater than 140cm.The output of the GLM fit showed that there was a significant quadratic relationship between gonadosomatic index(GSI)and fork length(P<0.001),which means GSIs of T.obesus increased with fork length,peaked at a certain fork length(130-140 cm for males and 140-150 cm for females,respectively)and then decreased with fork length.Based on circular statistics,a significant effect of fishing months on GSIs was also detected.It is found that the GSIs of males in the first half of the year are higher than those in the second half(sine significant,P<0.001),while GSIs of females at the end and beginning of the year are higher than those at the middle of the year(cosine significant,P=0.021).The output of the ordered multivariate logistic model fit indicated that gonad maturity stages increased s

关 键 词：大眼金枪鱼 繁殖生物学 圆形统计 多元有序Logistic模型 热带中西太平洋 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源]