垦造水田防渗层快速构建工艺研究——以韶关与清远为例  

Study on rapid construction technology of impermeable layer in reclaimed paddy field-Taking Shaoguan and Qingyuan as examples

作　　者：李嘉寅 陈平[1] 蔡宝昌 王秋香 李建华 徐若怡 宋晓 张晖 LI Jiayin;CHEN Ping;CAI Baochang;WANG Qiuxiang;LI Jianhua;XU Ruoyi;SONG Xiao;ZHANG Hui(College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou,510225,China;Guangdong land consolidation and rehabilitation center,Guangzhou,510635,China)

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院园艺园林学院,广东广州510225 [2]广东省土地开发整治中心,广东广州510635

出　　处：《仲恺农业工程学院学报》2024年第2期53-59,65,共8页Journal of Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering

基　　金：广东省自然资源厅科技项目(GDZRZYKJ2021003).

摘　　要：本研究以广东韶关南雄与清远清城2种不同地貌的垦造水田项目地为例,通过注水翻耙、原地灌浆、掺加客土等工艺进行防渗层快速构建和土体特征分析.清城项目地通过掺10%的客土可达到55%的保水率,南雄项目地通过注水翻耙即满足保水要求,保水率在50%以上.防渗层构建后,清城防渗层的土壤容重在1.55~1.72 g/cm^(3),南雄的在1.53~1.61 g/cm^(3);清城防渗层的土壤质地为壤土,南雄则为砂质壤土,但清城防渗层中大于2 mm粒径的砂粒含量是南雄防渗层的2倍;清城防渗层饱和导水率在0.010~0.020 mm/min;南雄防渗层饱和导水率在0.045~0.113 mm/min.研究证明即使砂质壤土也可通过注水翻耙或掺客工艺满足水田保水要求,使土壤兼具防渗层和耕作层的作用,对于土壤的定性也应该进行更全面的分析,特别是对大粒径砂粒和黏粒含量对防渗层保水效果的考虑.In this study,two different landforms of reclaimed paddy fields in Nanxiong,Shaoguan,and Qingcheng Guangdong,Qingyuan were taken as examples.The rapid construction of impermeable layer and soil characteristics were analyzed by water injection and harrowing,in-situ grouting and adding foreign soil.The water retention rate of Qingcheng project can reach 55%by mixing 10%of the soil,and the water retention rate of Nanxiong project can meet the water retention requirements by water injection and harrowing,and the water retention rate is above 50%.After the impermeable layer was constructed,the soil bulk density of the impermeable layer in Qingcheng was 1.55~1.72 g/cm^(3),while that in Nanxiong was 1.53~1.61 g/cm^(3).The soil texture of the impermeable layer in Qingcheng is loam,while that in Nanxiong is sandy loam.However,the content of sand particles larger than 2 mm in the impermeable layer in Qingcheng is twice than that in Nanxiong.The saturated hydraulic conductivity of Qingcheng impermeable layer is 0.010~0.020 mm/min.While that of Nanxiong impermeable layer is 0.045~0.113 mm/min.The research proves that even sandy loam can meet the water retention requirements of paddy fields through water injection and harrowing or mixing process,so that the soil has the function of impermeable layer and tillage layer.More comprehensive analysis should be carried out on the qualitative analysis of soil,especially the consideration of the water retention effect of impermeable layer with large particle size sand and clay content.

关 键 词：垦造水田 防渗层 土壤质地 保水 犁底层 

分 类 号：S282[农业科学—农业水土工程]