果园生草栽培技术研究进展  

Research Progress in Orchard Sod Culture Technology

作　　者：王宇桃 韩艳英 陶江[2] 柳羽 叶彦辉 邵小明 WANG Yu-tao;HAN Yan-ying;TAO Jiang;LIU Yu;YE Yan-hui;SHAO Xiao-ming(Institute of Plateau Ecology,Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi 860000,China;College of Resources and Environment,Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University,Nyingchi 860000,China;China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院高原生态研究所,西藏林芝860000 [2]西藏农牧学院资源与环境学院,西藏林芝860000 [3]中国农业大学,北京100193

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2024年第2期42-47,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：西藏自治区自然科学基金项目(XZ202001ZR0034G);西藏自治区科技计划重大专项(XZ202101ZD003N);西藏农牧学院第四批柔性人才项目(604419044);2024年自治区级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(2024-01)。

摘　　要：果园生草是国内外推行的果园生产管理模式,也是果园可持续发展的必然途径。但我国大多数地区仍然采用传统的“清耕”种植模式,且为追求效益而大量施用化肥、除草剂,极易造成土壤侵蚀和土壤压实等现象,从而导致果品质量下降。果园种草后残根落叶等凋落物可以在酸性土壤条件中缓慢降解或转化形成少量腐殖质,有利于表层土壤有机质含量逐渐增加,进而促进农田土壤质量的提高。对目前我国果园的生草草种选择原则,以及果园生草对果园土壤理化性质、果树生长发育和果实品质的影响进行了综述,可为果园生草栽培技术推广以及高营养的绿色果品生产提供借鉴。Orchard grass planting is a production and management mode promoted both domestically and internationally,and it is also an inevitable way for the sustainable development of orchards.However,most regions in China still adopt the traditional clean tillage planting mode,and extensively apply fertilizers and herbicides in pursuit of benefits,which can easily cause soil erosion and compaction,leading to a decline in fruit quality.After planting grass in orchards,residual roots,fallen leaves,and other litter can slowly degrade or transform into a small amount of humus in acidic soil conditions,which is beneficial for the gradual increase of organic matter content in the surface soil and thus promotes the improvement of farmland soil quality.The selection principles of grass species in orchards in China,as well as the impact of orchard grass on the physicochemical properties of orchard soil,fruit tree growth and development,and fruit quality were reviewed,which can provide reference for the promotion of orchard sod culture technology and the production of high nutrient green fruits.

关 键 词：果园生草 土壤理化性质 果树生长发育 果实品质 产量 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]