某冶金制造企业噪声暴露对听力水平的影响  

The impact of occupational noise exposure on hearing level and its prevention and control measures

作　　者：周彩玲[1] 胡祖应[1] 李勇[2] 金琪 潘萍萍 ZHOU Cailing;HU Zuying;LI Yong;JIN Qi;PAN Pingping(Department of Occupational Medicine,Hangzhou Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment Center,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310014,China;Department of Otolaryngology,Hangzhou First People’s Hospital,Hangzhou,Zhejiang,310006,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市职业病防治院职业病科,浙江杭州310014 [2]杭州市第一人民医院耳鼻咽喉科,浙江杭州310006

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科》2024年第5期297-300,共4页Chinese Archives of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery

摘　　要：目的探讨冶金制造业噪声暴露对听力水平的影响。方法对某企业245名噪声暴露工人及51名行政人员进行双耳0.5~8 kHz纯音气导听阈测试,检测工作场所噪声8 h等效声级,统计分析不同工种工人听力阈值。结果噪声暴露工人0.5~8 kHz听力阈值均显著高于行政人员;听力受损主要发生在4、6 kHz;听力阈值与工龄、年龄正相关,40岁以上、6年以上工龄,工人双耳4、6 kHz听力阈值均高于40 dB HL。结论噪声暴露工人4、6 kHz听力损伤最明显,年龄、工龄、噪声暴露强度是听力受损的危险因素。应加强噪声源的控制,重视耳塞等防护措施,并减少噪声暴露时间。OBJECTIVE To investigate the impact of noise exposure in metallurgical manufacturing on hearing.METHODS 245 workers exposed to noise in an enterprise and 51 administrative staff were tested for air conduction hearing threshold of pure tones at 0.5-8 kHz in both ears,and the equivalent sound level of workplace noise was measured for 8 hours.The hearing threshold of workers in different jobs was statistically analyzed.RESULTS The hearing threshold of workers exposed to noise at 0.5-8 kHz was significantly higher than that of administrative staff;hearing loss mainly occurred at 4 kHz and 6 kHz;the hearing threshold was positively correlated with working age and age,and the hearing threshold of workers over 40 years old and with working age of more than 6 years were higher than 40 dB HL at both ears at 4 kHz and 6 kHz.CONCLUSION The hearing loss of 4 kHz and 6 kHz is most obvious in noise-exposed workers,and age,working age,and noise exposure intensity were risk factors for hearing loss.It is necessary to strengthen the control of noise sources,attach importance to protective measures such as earplugs,and reduce noise exposure time.

关 键 词：噪声 职业性 听力损失 听力保护 

分 类 号：H31[语言文字—英语]