典型重工业城市PM_(2.5)化学组成特征及来源解析  

Chemical composition and source apportionment of PM_(2.5) in typical heavy industrial cities

作　　者：齐超楠 齐鹏 张艺铃 QI Chao-nan;QI Peng;ZHANG Yi-ling(Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control,College of Environmental and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院,区域大气复合污染防治北京市重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第6期2994-3003,共10页China Environmental Science

摘　　要：通过实时高分辨率在线监测2019年邯郸市城区PM_(2.5)中碳组分和水溶性无机离子的质量浓度,分析研究了2019年全年邯郸市PM_(2.5)组分的变化特征和不同污染情景下PM_(2.5)组分的变化规律,同时采用正定矩阵因子分解模型和后向轨迹模型探究了PM_(2.5)及其组分的来源.结果表明:研究期间邯郸市PM_(2.5)中OC和EC的月变化和日变化特征相似.水溶性无机离子的季节变化特征为冬季>秋季>春季>夏季,NO_(3)-、SO_(4)^(2-)和NH_(4)^(+)是PM_(2.5)中主要的水溶性无机离子组分,在四个季节均与PM_(2.5)有较强的相关性.邯郸市PM_(2.5)呈弱碱性,NH4+主要以(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4)、NH_(4)NO_(3)和NH_(4)Cl的形式存在.OC、EC和二次无机离子在PM_(2.5)污染日和O_(3)污染日有所增加.冬季污染加重时,碳组分和水溶性离子质量浓度随PM_(2.5)的增加而升高,OC和EC占比下降,SO_(4)^(2-)和NO_(3)-占比升高,且SOR和NOR也逐渐增加.PMF分析结果表明二次源,机动车源和燃烧源是邯郸市大气颗粒物污染的主要来源.后向轨迹结果表明邯郸市主要受到河南北部,山东西北部,山西中部和河北南部传输影响.该研究将会为重工业城市大气污染防治提供重要的科学理论依据.In this study,the mass concentrations of carbon components and water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_(2.5)were monitored in real time in Handan urban area in 2019.We analyzed the variation characteristics of PM_(2.5)components for the whole year of 2019.And the evolutions of PM_(2.5)and its components under different pollutions conditions were mainly discussed.Meanwhile,the positive matrix factorization and backward trajectory model were used to explore the sources of PM_(2.5)and its components.The results showed that the monthly and daily variation characteristics of OC and EC in PM_(2.5)in Handan City during the research period are similar.The seasonal concentration of water-soluble inorganic ions was winter>autumn>spring>summer,NO_(3)-,SO_(4)^(2-)and NH_(4)^(+)were the main water-soluble inorganic ion components,which were significantly correlated with PM_(2.5)in different seasons.PM_(2.5)in Handan City was slightly alkaline during the study period.NH_(4)^(+)were primarily in(NH_(4))_(2)SO_(4),NH_(4)NO_(3)and NH_(4)Cl forms in PM_(2.5).OC,EC,and secondary inorganic ions increased on PM_(2.5)-polluted days and O_(3)-polluted days.With the aggravation of pollution levels in winter,the mass concentrations of carbon components and water-soluble ions increased with the increase of PM_(2.5),the percentage of OC and EC decreased,the percentage of SO_(4)^(2-)and NO_(3)-increased,and the SOR and NOR increased gradually.Through the iterative calculation of PMF,the main potential sources of PM_(2.5)were determined,which were second generation,traffic-related source and combustion source.The backward trajectory results revealed that Handan is mainly affected by the transmission from northern Henan,northwestern Shandong,central Shanxi and southern Hebei.This study will provide the important scientific theoretical bases for the prevention and control of air pollution in heavy industrial cities.

关 键 词：PM_(2.5) 碳组分 水溶性无机离子 污染特征 来源解析 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]