微纳米气泡表征及其抑制膜污染研究  

Characterization of micro-/nanobubbles and their inhibition in membrane fouling

作　　者：樊凯 王方正 管楠 周国清[1] 周俊伟 王兴亚 胡钧 FAN Kai;WANG Fang-zheng;GUAN Nan;ZHOU Guo-qing;ZHOU Jun-wei;WANG Xing-ya;HU Jun(Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering,Chongqing 401331,China;Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;Shanghai Advanced Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201204;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Xiangfu Laboratory,Jiashan 314102,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆电子工程职业学院,重庆401331 [2]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800 [3]中国科学院上海高等研究院,上海201204 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]上海大学,上海200444 [6]祥符实验室,江苏嘉善314102

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2024年第6期3197-3205,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12104469);中国科学院微观界面物理与探测重点实验室开放课题(CASKL-IPT2002);重庆市自然科学基金资助项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0407);重庆市职业教育教学改革研究重点资助项目(GZ222018)。

摘　　要：将微纳米气泡发生装置与膜性能检测设备联合,设计了一种微纳米气泡(MNBs)抑制膜污染的测试方法,系统研究了通入MNBs前后,MNBs对聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜渗透、过滤和抗污染性的影响效果.研究结果表明,MNBs的通入使得PVDF膜的通量衰减速率降低约63.4%,截留率也提升了约21.3%.通过分析污染前后的膜表面微观形貌的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)图片可得,MNBs能有效抑制污染物滤饼层的形成和对膜孔的堵塞,有效抑制了污染物对膜的直接粘附.纳米颗粒追踪(NTA)的结果显示,通入MNBs后污染物颗粒粒径增大,这可能是MNBs对污染物的吸附作用使得污染物在MNBs表面聚集所导致.因此,MNBs抑制膜污染的机理在于,MNBs表面吸附聚集污染物,导致粒径增大,并以“汽桥”(gas-bridge)形式隔绝污染物与膜表面相互作用.This study confirmed the stable existence of micro-/nanobubbles(MNBs)in water by characterizing the microscopic morphological of graphite before and after introducing MNBs using atomic force microscopy(AFM)and a microbubble monitoring system.In order to create a testing procedure for MNB inhibition of membrane fouling,this work also integrated the membrane performance testing apparatus with the micro-/nanobubbles generating device.The effects of MNBs on PVDF membranes’anti-fouling,filtration,and permeability characteristics were methodically investigated both before and after MNBs were introduced.According to the intuitive experimental results,the introduction of MNBs might effectively block the direct adherence of pollutants to the membrane,reducing the flux attenuation rate of the PVDF membrane by around 63.4%.Furthermore,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis of the microstructure of the membrane surface before and after contamination indicated that MNBs effectively suppressed the formation of pollutant cake layers and the clogging of membrane pores.While boosting the membrane’s anti-fouling ability,MNBs also raised the rejection rate by around 21.3%,which could be attributed to an increase in pollutant particle size generated by MNB adsorption.Finally,nanoparticle tracking analysis(NTA)was used to examine the particle concentration and size distribution before and after the addition of MNBs to various aqueous solutions.The findings revealed that the particle size of contaminants increased after the introduction of MNBs.Based on these experimental findings,this paper suggested a technique for controlling membrane fouling through mutual adsorption of MNBs and pollutant surfaces,as well as isolating the interaction between pollutants and membrane surfaces via gas bridges effect.

关 键 词：微纳米气泡 膜分离 抗污染 形貌表征 机理 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]