德国生物圈保护区发展经验及对中国的建议  

Analysis of Germany's Experience on Development of Biosphere Reserves and Suggestions to China

作　　者：先义杰[1,2,3] 刘宁 乔娜[2] 房强 韩群力 王丁[2,3,5] Xian Yijie;Liu Ning;Qiao Na;Fang Qiang;Han Qunli;Wang Ding

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国际合作局,北京100864 [2]中华人民共和国人与生物圈国家委员会,北京100864 [3]《人与生物圈》杂志,北京100864 [4]国际科学理事会灾害风险综合研究国际计划办公室,北京100094 [5]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072

出　　处：《复印报刊资料（生态环境与保护）》2023年第8期75-80,共6页ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT AND PROTECTION

摘　　要：德国将生物圈保护区融入国家可持续发展战略,在全国范围内建成了一个模范的生物圈保护区体系,成为维护国家生态系统稳定、探索资源可持续利用、创新社会发展模式、繁荣地方经济及开展人一地关系综合研究的重要平台。德国的经验体现在:具有深厚的自然保护地建设历史积累;官方及民间深刻理解认识到“人与生物圈计划”(MAB)的理念及生物圈保护区价值,并重视相关传播普及工作;国家及地方从政治法律、科学研究和国际合作方面支持有力;充分体现生物圈保护区的示范价值;在生物圈保护区的申报和阶段性评估中有所创新。基于德国的经验,建议中国有关部门:提升MAB及其生物圈保护区的公众认知度;强化国家支持力度,推动生物圈保护区“中国模式”的打造;推动生物圈保护区被纳入新时期自然保护地法制化体系进程;制定申报和阶段性评估的国家标准;加强国际交流与合作,共同打造不同国家间差异化的生物圈保护区发展模式,以有助于开创MAB发展新局面,促进人类命运共同体建设。Germany has integrated biosphere reserves into the national strategy of sustainable development,and has built an outstanding biosphere reserve system nationwide,which has played a key role in maintaining the stability of ecosystem,exploring sustainable use of natural resources,innovating social development models,prospering local econo-mies and providing an important platform to carry out comprehensive research on human and nature relationship.The experience of Germany includes:long and solid accumulation in the development of protected areas;deep understanding from authorities and the folk of the concept of Man and the Biosphere Programme(MAB)and the value of biosphere reserves,and more attention to their dissemination and popularization;strong support from federal and local governments in areas of politics,legislation,scientific research and international cooperation;full reflection of the demonstration value of biosphere reserves;innovative in the nomination and periodic review of biosphere reserves.Based on Germany's experience,suggestions to China authorities include:enhancing awareness of the public about MAB and biosphere reserves;strengthening national support and promoting the creation of the"Chinese model"in the area of biosphere reserves;incorporating biosphere reserves into the legislation of protected area system underway;establishing national norms for the nomination and periodic review;strengthening international exchanges and cooperation,and jointly creating differentiated models of biosphere reserves development,so as to help pave a way for further development of MAB,and enable to establish a community of shared future for mankind.

关 键 词：人与生物圈计划 生物圈保护区 自然保护地 可持续发展 申报和阶段性评估 国家战略 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X22