燃煤烟气湿法协同脱硫脱碳技术研究进展  

Research progress of wet process synergistic desulfurization and decarbonization technology for coal-fired flue gas

作　　者：高凡翔 刘阳 张贵泉[2] 秦锋[3] 姚建涛[2] 金辉[1] 师进文[1] GAO Fanxiang;LIU Yang;ZHANG Guiquan;QIN Feng;YAO Jiantao;JIN Hui;SHI Jinwen(State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,Shaanxi,China;Xi’an Thermal Power Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,Shaanxi,China;R&D Center,CNOOC Gas&Power Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100028,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学动力工程多相流国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049 [2]西安热工研究院有限公司,陕西西安710054 [3]中海石油气电集团有限责任公司技术研发中心,北京100028

出　　处：《化工进展》2024年第5期2324-2342,共19页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划(2023-YBSF-140);西安热工研究院有限公司研究开发基金(TD-23-TYK01);陕西省油气田特种增产技术重点实验室开放基金(KFJJ-YZ-2022-2)。

摘　　要：燃煤烟气中SO_(2)和CO_(2)的处理逐渐向协同脱除方向发展,基于湿法脱硫和脱碳的组合技术因此获得了广泛关注。本文首先系统梳理了梯级(依次)脱硫脱碳技术的重点研究方向,认为SO_(2)的胺降解作用是该类技术面对的核心问题,但其影响机理尚未形成统一共识。从控制排放和预防降解两个角度出发,分析了强化脱硫技术和胺降解抑制剂对缓解SO_(2)不利影响的作用。与梯级处理相比,联合(同步)脱硫脱碳技术可基于单一溶剂实现循环吸收-解吸。然后总结了钙法、氨法、胺法等联合脱硫脱碳(联脱)技术的最新进展,梳理并对比了各类吸收体系的原理和工艺设计,其中基于氨水的联脱工艺研究最为成熟。还简述了两类协同脱除技术的优缺点和发展前景。最后,建议对于梯级脱硫脱碳技术未来应重点关注SO_(2)的胺降解机理及其在开发预防降解措施中的作用,对于联脱技术应加强反应理论和集成工艺建模研究等。Treatment of the SO_(2) and CO_(2) in coal-fired flue gas is gradually developing to remove them simultaneously,and combined technologies based on the wet process of desulfurization and decarbonization have thus gained wide attention.Firstly,this paper systematically reviewed the main research directions of the stepwise(sequential)SO_(2) and CO_(2) removal technology.It was found that amine degradation caused by SO_(2) is the core problem for this technology,but the mechanism was still in debate.The roles of desulfurization intensification and amine degradation inhibitors in alleviating the negative effects of SO_(2) were analyzed from the perspectives of emission control and degradation prevention,respectively.Compared with stepwise treatment,the simultaneous SO_(2) and CO_(2) removal technology could achieve cyclic absorption and desorption based on a single solvent.Therefore,the latest progress of the simultaneous SO_(2) and CO_(2) removal technology was then summarized,including those using calcium-based,ammonia-based,and amine-based solvents.The principles and process design of each type of absorption system were sorted out and compared,and the most developed one was the ammonia-based combined processes.This paper also briefly described the advantages,disadvantages and development prospects of the two types of synergistic removal technologies.Finally,this paper suggested that future attention for the stepwise SO_(2) and CO_(2) removal technology should be focused on the mechanism of SO_(2) caused amine degradation and its role in the development of degradation prevention measures,while for the combined removal technology,studies on reaction theory and integrated process modeling should be pursued.

关 键 词：煤燃烧 烟气 二氧化碳捕集 脱硫 集成 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]