新能源场站快速有功控制及频率支撑技术综述  

Review on Fast Active Power Control and Frequency Support Technologies of Renewable Energy Stations

作　　者：高丙团[1] 胡正阳 王伟胜 朱凌志 王满亮 全相军[1] 李少林 GAO Bingtuan;HU Zhengyang;WANG Weisheng;ZHU Lingzhi;WANG Manliang;QUAN Xiangjun;LI Shaolin(Southeast University,Nanjing 210096,Jiangsu Province,China;China Electric Power Research Institute,Haidian District,Beijing 100192,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学,江苏省南京市210096 [2]中国电力科学研究院有限公司,北京市海淀区100192

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2024年第11期4335-4352,I0013,共19页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB2400500)。

摘　　要：以光伏/风电为代表的新能源高比例并网降低了电力系统的惯量水平和频率支撑能力,频率稳定问题成为当前电网安全稳定和新能源高效消纳的核心问题之一。发展新能源发电并网机组单元和场站的快速有功频率响应和主动支撑能力是当前的研究热点。该文以“单机快速有功控制-场站快速有功控制-场站快速频率支撑”为主线,梳理光伏/风电的快速有功控制及频率支撑发展现状,分析频率检测、通信延时和控制响应模式等因素对光伏/风电场站频率响应快速性的影响,指出风电机组的机械载荷约束、风电场百毫秒级有功控制、场站的调频响应模式选择和优化、暂态有功无功协同控制是提升新能源发电单元和场站的快速有功频率响应能力的4个关键问题,最后对未来的重点研究方向进行展望和讨论。The growing integration of renewable energy sources,primarily photovoltaic(PV)and wind power,is leading to a decline in the inertia level and frequency support capability of the power system.Consequently,frequency stability has emerged as a crucial aspect of the safety,stability,and efficient utilization of renewable energy sources in today's power systems.Fast active power-frequency response and active support capability of grid-connected renewable energy generation units and stations are the research focus.According to the main line of“fast active power control of unit-fast active power control of energy station-fast frequency support of energy station”,the state of the art in fast active power control and frequency support for renewable energy stations is reviewed.Meanwhile,the factors limiting the rapidity of frequency response of renewable energy stations are analyzed from the perspectives of frequency measurement,communication time delay,control response mode,etc.It is pointed out that mechanical load of wind turbine,hundred-millisecond-level active power control of wind farm,frequency regulation mode selection and optimization of renewable energy stations,and transient active-reactive power cooperative control are the four key issues to improve the fast active power-frequency response capability of renewable energy generation units and stations.Finally,the future research focuses are provided and discussed.

关 键 词：新能源场站 风电场 光伏电站 有功控制 频率响应 频率检测 

分 类 号：TM61[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]