中度嗜热菌Leptospirillum ferrooxidans和Acidithiobacillus caldus对砷的耐受性研究  

Study on arsenic tolerance of moderately thermophilic bacteria Leptospirillum ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus caldus

作　　者：陈彦臻 张广积[1,2] 郭嘉乐 杨超 CHEN Yanzhen;ZHANG Guangji;GUO Jiale;YANG Chao(CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Chemical Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;School of Biology,Food and Environment,Hefei University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院过程工程研究所中国科学院绿色过程与工程重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学化学工程学院,北京100049 [3]合肥大学生物食品与环境学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2024年第3期34-39,共6页Journal of Biology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2105302)。

摘　　要：以难处理金矿生物预氧化过程中使用的L.ferrooxidans(Leptospirillum ferrooxidans,氧化亚铁钩端螺旋菌)和A.caldus(Acidithiobacillus caldus,喜温嗜酸硫杆菌)这2种中度嗜热菌为主要研究对象,通过摇瓶实验研究不同价态的砷[As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)]对2种中度嗜热菌生物氧化处理金矿效果的影响,并与A.ferrooxidans(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans,嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌)和T.thiooxidans(Thiobacillus thiooxidans,氧化硫硫杆菌)这2种嗜中温菌进行比较。结果表明,中度嗜热菌对As(Ⅲ)的耐受性明显弱于嗜中温菌,但对As(Ⅴ)的耐受性与嗜中温菌接近。同时,As(Ⅲ)对铁氧化细菌生长的影响大于硫氧化细菌。实验发现,提高菌种接种量并对细菌进行驯化有利于中度嗜热菌对砷毒性的适应,在实际矿浆体系中通过提高接种量可以使中度嗜热菌最终适应高砷环境,最高质量浓度可达约1.54 g/L,获得较好的矿物氧化浸出效果,砷浸出率达到70%以上仅需10 d。In this study,two moderately thermophilic bacteria,including L.ferrooxidans(Leptospirillum ferrooxidans)and A.caldus(Acidithiobacillus caldus),used in bioleaching processes of refractory gold ores were taken as the main research objects.The effects of valence of arsenic(As(Ⅲ)and As(Ⅴ))on the bio-oxidation of two moderately thermophilic bacteria were investigated through studied by shake flask experiment.The results were compared with two mesophilic bacteria,A.ferrooxidans(Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans)and T.thiooxidans(Thiobacillus thiooxidans).The results showed that the tolerance to As(Ⅲ)of moderately thermophilic bacteria was sig-nificantly weaker than that of mesophilic bacteria,but both of thermophilic and mesophilic bacteria showed similar tolerance to As(Ⅴ).At the same time,the effect of As(Ⅲ)on iron-oxidizing bacteria in growth was greater than that on sulfur-oxidizing bacteria.It was found that increasing the bacteria inoculation amount and domesticating bacteria was conducive to the adaptation of moderately ther-mophilic bacteria to arsenic toxicity.In the actual ore pulp system,increasing the inoculation amount could make moderately thermoph-ilic bacteria finally to adapt to the high arsenic environment and obtain better ore bioleaching effect.The highest mass concentration can reach about 1.54 g/L,and the arsenic leaching rate can be up to 70%in only 10 days.

关 键 词：生物氧化 中度嗜热菌 砷价态 驯化 菌种接种量 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学] TF18[冶金工程—冶金物理化学]