砷黄铁矿生物氧化影响因素及控制方法  

Influencing factors and control methods of arsenopyrite bio-oxidation

作　　者：洪茂鑫 刘玉玲 杨宝军 王军[1] HONG Maoxin;LIU Yuling;YANG Baojun;WANG Jun(School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,长沙410083

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2024年第3期52-60,共9页Journal of Biology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“冶金生物关键技术开发及应用”项目(2022YFC2105300,2022YFC2105304);国家自然科学基金项目(52274288,52204303)。

摘　　要：砷黄铁矿的生物氧化是产生含砷酸性矿山废水的主要原因,为了更好地研究含砷酸性矿山废水控制技术,综述砷黄铁矿生物氧化的关键环境影响因素和源头控制技术的研究现状。介绍砷黄铁矿的理化性质、化学和生物氧化特性,了解其在矿山环境中的氧化行为。深入阐述微生物、共存离子、有机物、伴生矿物等环境因素对砷黄铁矿生物氧化的影响及其作用机制,揭示砷黄铁矿生物氧化过程中的关键步骤和反应。环境中砷黄铁矿的氧化和砷的释放主要是由水、氧气和微生物3种成分驱动,可以通过隔绝其中任何一种成分来抑制其氧化,因此,着重介绍氧屏障法、杀菌剂法、混合碱性矿物处置法以及钝化涂层法等源头控制方法的机理并探讨其优缺点和适用性。在此基础上,还展望了该领域可行的研究方向,为评估和抑制砷黄铁矿导致的含砷酸性矿山废水提供理论基础。Bio-oxidation of arsenopyrite is a major contributor to the generation of arsenic-containing acid mine drainage.This paper summarized the research status of key influencing factors and source control technologies related to arsenopyrite bio-oxidation.The physical and chemical properties,as well as the chemical and biological oxidation processes,of arsenopyrite were introduced.Detailed explanations were provided regarding the impact and mechanisms of environmental factors,such as microorganisms,co-existing ions,organic matters,and associated minerals,on arsenopyrite bio-oxidation.The oxidation of arsenopyrite and the release of arsenic into the environment are predominantly driven by water,oxygen,and microorganisms.The process can be inhibited by isolating any of these components,thereby preventing the formation of acid mine drainage.Consequently,the advantages and disadvantages of present source control methods such as oxygen barriers,bactericides,co-disposal,and passivation were analyzed and compared.Besides,potential re-search directions in this field were also outlined,providing a theoretical foundation for evaluating and mitigating arsenic-containing acid mine drainage caused by arsenopyrite bio-oxidation.

关 键 词：砷黄铁矿 生物氧化 环境因素 砷污染 酸性矿山废水 

分 类 号：TF18[冶金工程—冶金物理化学] Q93[生物学—微生物学]