长粒香型的超短生育期水稻新品系创制  

Developing new rice lines with ultrashort-duration,long-grain,and fragrance

作　　者：裴法敬 张文轩 张晓 王昕钰 彭少兵[1] 米甲明 PEI Fa-Jing;ZHANG Wen-Xuan;ZHANG Xiao;WANG Xin-Yu;PENG Shao-Bing;MI Jia-Ming(National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Hubei Hongshan Laboratory/College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China;Rice Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding of High Quality Rice in Southern China(Co-construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学作物遗传改良全国重点实验室/湖北洪山实验室/华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]广东省农业科学院水稻研究所/农业农村部华南优质稻遗传育种实验室(省部共建),广东广州510640

出　　处：《作物学报》2024年第7期1684-1698,共15页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2022BBA0034,2021BBA225);湖北省科技重大专项(2022ABA001)资助。

摘　　要：培育优质、超短生育期的水稻品种对提高长江中下游地区复种指数,保障我国粮食安全具有重要意义。本研究以超短生育期水稻品系CPPC09-180-28-1-5为母本,携带香味基因fgr和粒长基因GW7的优质水稻品种象牙香占为父本,通过杂交、回交并结合全基因组分子标记辅助选择技术培育了3个携带纯合fgr和GW7基因的优质、超短生育期水稻新品系。对新育成品系进行香味鉴定、主要农艺性状考察及稻米品质分析。结果表明,导入fgr和GW7基因的新品系具有明显香味,粒长较受体CPPC09-180-28-1-5显著增长,品质较优。新品系的全生育期85~98 d,与受体CPPC09-180-28-1-5基本一致,可作早稻或晚稻在长江中下游稻区进行种植,提高复种指数。此外,新育成品系在株高、千粒重以及单株产量等性状较受体CPPC09-180-28-1-5有显著减小,表明本研究中携带目标基因的2个染色体片段导入对受体CPPC09-180-28-1-5的主要农艺性状具有显著的影响。本研究可为优质、超短生育期的水稻分子育种提供种质资源和育种策略。Developing high-quality and ultrashort-duration rice varieties is of great significance for improving the multiple cropping index in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River to ensure our food security.In this study,the ultrashort-duration rice line CPPC09-180-28-1-5 was used as the recipient parent.The high-quality variety Xiangyaxiangzhan which carrying the fragrance gene fgr and the grain length gene GW7 was used as the donor parent.Three new breeding lines carrying homozygous fgr and GW7 genes were bred with high-quality and ultrashort-duration,via hybridization,backcrossing and genome-wide marker-assisted selection.Fragrance identification,main agronomic characters,and grain quality analysis of the new breeding lines were carried out.The new lines carrying fgr and GW7 genes had obvious fragrance.The grain length of the new lines was significantly increased compared with the recipient parent CPPC09-180-28-1-5,resulting in better grain quality.The whole growth period of the new lines was about 85–98 days,which was basically consistent with the recipient parent CPPC09-180-28-1-5.The new lines could be planted as early or late rice in the rice area of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River to improve the multiple cropping index.In addition,plant height,1000-grain weight,and yield per plant of the new breeding lines were significantly reduced compared with the recipient parent CPPC09-180-28-1-5,indicating that the introgression of two chromosome fragments carrying target genes in this study has a significant effect on the main agronomic traits of CPPC09-180-28-1-5.This study provides the germplasm resources and strategies for breeding high grain quality and ultrashort-duration rice by the molecular breeding.

关 键 词：水稻 优质 超短生育期 分子标记辅助选择 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]